Neutral emission from

J. T. Dickinson and L. C. Jensen, Neutral emission from the fracture of epoxy, J. Appl. Phys. (to be submitted). 

In a caustic scmbbing system, caustic potash, KOH, is preferred to caustic soda, NaOH, because of the higher solubiUty of the resulting potassium fluoride. Adequate solution contact and residence time must be provided in the scmb tower to ensure complete neutralization of the intermediate oxygen difluoride, OF2. Gas residence times of at least one minute and caustic concentrations in excess of 5% are recommended to prevent OF2 emission from the scmb tower. 

Finish removers are manufactured in open or closed ketdes. Closed ketdes are preferred because they prevent solvent loss and exposure to personnel. To reduce air emissions from the solvents, condensers are employed on vent stacks. Mild steel or black iron ketdes are used for neutral or basic removers stainless steel (316 or 317) or reinforced polyethylene ketdes are used for acidic removers. The ketdes are heated to increase dispersion of paraffin waxes and aid in the mixing of other ingredients. Electric or air driven motors drive either sweeping blade or propeller mixers that give sufficient lift to rotate and mix the Hquid. Dispenser-type mixers are used to manufacture thick and viscous removers. Ketde, fittings, mixer, and fill equipment must be fabricated with materials resistant to the chemicals in remover formulas. 

The amide group of coelenteramide is an extremely weak acid thus, it will be rapidly protonated in a neutral protic environment, changing into its neutral (unionized) form. If the rate of the protonation of the excited amide anion is sufficiently fast in comparison with the rate of its de-excitation, a part or most of the excited amide anion will be converted into the excited neutral species within the lifetime of the excited state of the amide anion, resulting in a light emission from the excited neutral coelenteramide (kmax about 400 nm). 

This technique is invasive however, the particle can be designed to be neutrally buoyant so that it well represents the flow of the phase of interest. An array of detectors is positioned around the reactor vessel. Calibration must be performed by positioning the particle in the vessel at a number of known locations and recording each of the detector counts. During actual measurements, the y-ray emissions from the particle are monitored over many hours as it moves freely in the system maintained at steady state. Least-squares regression methods can be applied to evaluate the temporal position of the particle and thus velocity field [13, 14]. This technique offers modest spatial resolutions of 2-5 mm and sampling frequencies up to 25 Hz. 

The most direct and easy way consists in focusing the laser pulse onto a solid target and to collect the radiation emitted by the produced plasma. The wide emitted spectrum extends from infrared to X-rays and it is produced by different physical mechanisms Bremsstrahlung, recombination, resonant lines, K-shell emission from neutral (or partially ionized) atoms. In particular, this latter mechanism has been recognized, since a decade, as a way of producing ultrashort monochromatic radiation pulses at energy up to several keV. 

R. E. Honig and J. R. Woolston. Laser-Induced Emission of Electrons, Ions, and Neutral Atoms from Solid Surfaces. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2(1963) 138-139. 

EL pyridine-phenylene copolymers 564 [666] and 565 [667] have been synthesized and studied by Bryce and coworkers. Although a rather low el(<0.1%) was reported for the devices, an interesting phenomenon was found for polymers 565. When the PLED (ITO/PEDOT/565/Ca/Al) was fabricated using acidic solutions, a strong red shift in the EL band compared to that obtained with the neutral solution (from 510 to 575 nm) was observed. The authors explained this concept by planarization of the protonated polymer chain as a result of intramolecular hydrogen bonding N H- O. Variation of pyridine linkage in copolymers 565, 566, and 567 affects the PL and EL emissions (AEL = 444, 432,... 

In 1971, adrenodoxin, an iron-sulfur protein with a single tyrosine residue and no tryptophan was shown to fluoresce at 331 nm upon 280-nm excitation at neutral pH/20 1 On cooling from room temperature to 77 K, the emission maximum shifts to 315 nm. The redox state of the iron does not have any effect on the tyrosine emission. From these results, an exciplex between the excited singlet state of tyrosine and an unidentified group was suggested as the cause of the anomalous emission energy/2031 Later studies have shown that the excitation spectrum is a red-shifted tyrosine spectrum, that removal of the iron to form the apoprotein has no effect on the emission, and that heat, low pH, guanidine hydrochloride, urea, and LiCl all cause the emission... 

Hydrogen can be produced from carbon-free or carbon-neutral energy sources or from fossil fuels with CO capture and storage (sequestration). Thus, the use of hydrogen could eventually eliminate greenhouse gas emissions from the energy sector. 

Daniels352 has shown that the excitation spectra for triplet state formation and fluorescence emission from uracil and thymine in neutral aqueous solution at room temperature were anomalous when compared with the UV absorption spectra of these pyrimidines. These experimental facts have been critically examined with respect to three molecular models, of which the model based on tautomerism of uracil in aqueous solution is, in the opinion of Daniels, the best. The data suggested that the fluorescing tautomer contained an enol group, and the UV data favored the 4-hydroxy structure, i.e., form 28. The second tautomer, from which the triplet originated, was expected to be the predominant diketo form (32). 

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