Neodols®, nonionic surfactants

Stepan Bio Soft D-62 (anionic surfactant) Neodol 25-7 (nonionic surfactant) Propylene glycol Ethyl alcohol... 

The nature of the nonionic surfactant is still an important parameter in the removal of solid C19. C12E03 and the commercial surfactant Neodol 23-6.5 both form micellar solutions (Lj phase only) at 25 °C. Detergency performance of these surfactants is poor. The presence of C12E04 as a two phase system containing a surfactant - rich phase (Lj or La) is still clearly beneficial to the kinetics of solid C19 removal. 

Microemulsions were obtained using different types and concentrations of surfactant, cosurfactant, and styrene. An anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (C12H250SO3Na), and two types of nonionic surfactants, Emsorb 6916 (sorbitan monolaurate) and Neodol 91-5 (ethojqrlated alcohol), were used. The surfactant concentration was varied between 5 to 10% (w/w) for the anionic system and between 5 to 15% (w/w) for the nonionic systems. Either 2-pentanol or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl cellosolve, C4H90CH2CH20H) was used as the cosolvent with the anionic surfactant. The amount of cosurfactant used depended on the anionic surfactant concentration and varied form 12.5 to 25% (w/w). 

The polymeric material based on nonionic surfactant (Neodol 91-5) has diferent pore morphology (Figure5(f)) as compared to the anionic system. Even the polymeric material based on the anionic system with a different cosolvent, butyl cellosolve, shows a different morphology (Rgure5(g)). Figure5(h) illustrates the structure of polymers obtained from a microemulsion using a different nonionic surfactant (Emsorb 6916). Thus, the pore morphology depends on the initial microstructure of the microemulsion as determined by the type of surfactant and cosolvent in addition to composition and polymerization conditions. 

NEODOL ethoxylates are nonionic surfactants made from blends of linear primary alcohols with carbon numbers ranging from C9 to CIS. The alcohol blends are reacted with ethylene oxide (EO) to produce NEODOL ethoxylates with average chain lengths ranging from 2.5 to 13. For example, NEODOL 25-3 designates a surfactant based on NEODOL 25 alcohol reacted with an average of 3 moles of ethylene oxide (EO). 

Viscosity modifier BFGoodrich Nonionic surfactant Neodol 25-3 Shell Chemical Nonionic surfactant Neodol 23-6.5 Shell Chemical Anionic surfactant Biosoft S-100 Stepan... 

Surprisingly, almost all the applied work in MLC to date appears to have involved only ionic micellar mobile phases composed of either anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), or cationic hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide or chloride (CTAB or CTAC), and dodecyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (DTAB). Reports on the use of unclmrg nonionic surfactants, such as Neodol 91-6 and polyoxyethylene(23) dodecanol (Brij 35) are exceptions. 

Salt and alkali solutions were prepared from reagent grade chemicals. The anionic surfactant used was Neodol 25-3S, a commercial alcohol ethoxysulfate obtained from Shell Chemical Company as a 60 wt% active solution. The nonionic surfactant examined was Triton X-100, obtained from J.T. Baker Inc. as a 100 wt% active solution. 

Surfactant slugs are frequently used in EOR processes to mobilize residual oil by changing rock wettability or by reducing oil/water interfacial tension. To increase the efficiency of such processes, polymers can be either co-injected with the surfactant slug or as a chase. In both cases, surfactant and polymer mixing is to be expected. The effects of Triton X-100 (a nonionic surfactant) and Neodol 25-3S (an anionic surfactant) on the viscosity of HPAM solutions were examined by Nasr-El-Din et al. [41]. 

Fig. 3.15 Electron micrograph of styrene polymerized in middle-phase microemulsion containing nonionic surfactant Neodol 91-5 (from [71], With permission from John Wiley Sons, Inc.)...

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