Needle disposal system

Figure I -7 A, Convenient needle disposal system for sharps. B, Needle sheathing devices for prevention of body contact with needle. (6 Courtesy MarketLab inc.)...

METHODS OF ADMINISTERING INSULIN. Several methods can be used to administer insulin. The most common method is the use of a needle and syringe Use of microfine needles has reduced the discomfort associated with an injection. Another method is the jet injection system, which uses pressure to deliver a fine stream of insulin below the skin. Another method uses a disposable needle and special syringe The syringe uses a cartridge that is prefilled with a specific type of insulin (eg, regular human insulin, isophane [NPH] insulin, or a mixture of isophane and regular insulin). 

Insulin delivery systems The standard mode of insulin therapy is subcutaneous injection with conventional disposable needles and syringes. Other, more convenient, means of administration are either available or in clinical trials. 

Advances in materials have made the development of disposable medical devices, such as needles and thermometers, as well as implantable drug delivery systems, a reality. 

Disposable steel needles used widely in medical practice for drawing of blood samples cannot be used for sampling blood intended for trace metal analysis. Contamination of blood samples by such needles can exceed the actual level of chromium in the sample by a factor of 100-1000. In case liquid chromatography (LC) is used for separation of species, the system inherent contamination has to be taken in account, when using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipment (pumps, valves, columns, capillaries) made from stainless steel. 

Various body fluids, in addition to blood and urine, are available in forensic autopsy cases. These fluids include cerebrospinal fluid, vitreous humor, pericardial fluid, and bile. Samples can be collected with disposable syringes, with or without needles, and transferred to glass containers (5-10 ml) containing sodium fluoride at a final concentration of 1-2% as a preservative. As samples from living persons, the containers should be preserved at 4°C until analysis. Special care should be taken while testing for ethanol in postmortem samples since intestinal bacteria diffuse through the body after death via vascular system and induce putrefaction. In moderate to heavily... 

Bloodborne pathogens engineering controls—Sharps disposal containers, self-sheathing needles, safer medical devices, such as sharps with engineered sharps injnry protections and needleless systems that isolate or remove the bloodborne pathogens hazard from the workplace. 

Disposable plastic (mostly polypropylene, PP) syringes are used as containers for the injection of fluids. Prior to administration they are connected to the needle, catheter or port system which is used to access the injectiOTi site. 

There are different devices conunerciaUy available for needle-free injectirai. Commonly jet injectors produce a high-velocity jet of medicine that penetrate the skin. Medicines and vaccines can be administered either intramuscularly or subcutaneously by means of a narrow, high velocity fluid jet that penetrates the skin. The gas-forced needle-free injection systems are typically made up of three components including an injection device, a disposable needle free syringe and a gas cartridge. 

The hi-dose delivery system for our intransal ketamine product candidate provides non-invasive (i.e. needle-free) administration compared to IV or IM injections, via a rugged, simple to use device that can be patient-administered if necessary. Each disposable device delivers a total of 30 mg ketamine with well-characterized, predictable pharmacokinetics. This approach to delivering subanesthetic doses of ketamine may be particularly advantageous in emergency situations where convenience, speed of drug delivery/onset, and avoidance of accidental needle sticks in healthcare providers are desirable. In addition, our intranasal ketamine product candidate was formulated to minimize neurotoxicity, a question that has been raised regarding the differently formulated ketamine product currently approved for anesthesia. 

---