Natural effects

Successful predictive models in toxicology exist - however, they are of a rather local nature. Effects considered in toxicology can be caused by different mechanisms. Efforts to get away from a class perspective to one that is more consistent regarding modes of toxic action are still a subject of ongoing research. 

Significant practical objective in analytical chemistry is control on contents of metal ions in various objects including natural. Effective method for practical uses is one of simultaneous determination of content of various metals in object, because it decreases time of analysis, quantity of reagents and probe. 

Nettleton, M. A. 1987. Gaseous Detonations Their Nature, Effects and Control. Chapman and Flail, New York, NY. 

Toxicology The study of nature, effects, and detection of poisons in living organisms. The basic assumption of toxicology is that there is a relationship among the dose, the concentration at the affected site, and resulting effects. 

Figure 8 shows the human-induced effects (darkgrey) that can affect the quantitative runoff characteristics of alpine waters over time and space. For the sake of comparison, this figure also incorporates natural effects (hghtgrey). 

NMDA antagonist Nature Effect on ischemia Reference... 

Aluminium is the third most abundant element in the earth s crust and is used widely in the manufacture of construction materials, wiring, packaging materials and cookware. The metal and its compounds are used in the paper, glass and textile industries as well as in food additives. Despite the abundance of the metal, its chemical nature effectively excludes it from normal metabolic processes. This is due largely to the low solubility of aluminium silicates, phosphates and oxides that result in the aluminium being chemically unavailable. However, it can cause toxic effects when there are raised concentrations of aluminium in water used for renal dialysis. These effects are not seen when aluminium is at the concentrations usually present in drinking water. There is currently much activity to examine the factors that influence uptake of aluminium from the diet. 

PQ developers often produce a colder image tone on prints. This is not caused by the Phenidone per se but is the natural effect of the organic restrainers necessary in high pH Phenidone print developers. 

This article provides a review of various aspects of the phenomenon of spontaneous monolayer dispersion, namely, its nature, effects, and applications. It is based in the main on the work that has been carried out in our laboratory in the last 16 years. Relevant data and results from other laboratories have been included for discussion. 

As resistance to 3-lactam antibiotics increased because of the expression of a variety of 3-lactamases, many groups focused their efforts on discovering compounds that could be more reactive to 3-lactamases without having significant intrinsic antibiotic activities of their own and pharmacokinetic properties that would be similar to 3-lactam antibiotics. This focus led to the discoveries of clavulanic acid (18) and monobactam sulfazecins (19). Nature effectively stabilized the latter monobactam structure by the addition of a A-sulfamic acid. The 3-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid was combined with amoxicillin, which... 

We expected also a natural effect of the heating rate on the factors a and b of the symmetric logistic function. This effect is observed the production of volatile matter is delayed and slowed down for a heating rate of 2 C/min in comparison with a 20 C/min rate. 

It is important at this stage to realise that scatter or poorness of fit in a correlation can arise from two sources. Error in measurement of rate or equilibrium constant is a source of scatter model error is a natural effect caused by small differences in the interaction between medium and reaction centre and that of the model reaction. These differences could be enhanced if, for example, a rate constant for a reaction in one medium is compared with an equilibrium constant measured in another. As far as possible the conditions for comparison should be identical. 

There is no doubt that the greenhouse effect is real. The greenhouse effect is a natural occurrence responsible for the current climatic conditions on Earth. Without this natural effect, the Earth s temperature would be about 33°C colder (IPCC 2001). The ultimate question is how the Earth s climate system will respond to the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases caused by human activities. Atmospheric concentrations of the main greenhouse gas - carbon dioxide - released during the combustion of fossil fuels have increased exponentially from 280 parts per million (ppm) to just over 370 ppm since the Industrial Revolution (IPCC 2001). 

The union of so many peoples under one domination, and the spread of the two langu es which divided the Empire, both of which were familiar to nearly all educated men, these two causes must both have contributed to produce a more general diffusion of knowledge over a larger territory where there was greater equality. Their natural effect was to weaken little by little the differences that separated the philosophical sects, and to unite them in one which would select, out of the various opinions of each, those which conformed most closely to reason, those which reflection and examination had confirmed. Reason must have led philosophers to this conclusion when the effect of time upon sectarian enthusiasm had allowed her voice to be universally heard. So we find already in Seneca some traces of this philosophy it was never alien to the academic sect, which in the end was identified almost entirely with it and the last disciples of Plato were the founders of eclecticism. 

Gourari, H., Lumbreras, M., Van Landschoot, R. and Schoonman, X, Electrode nature effects on stannic oxide type layers prepared by electrostatic spray deposition , Sensor Actual B, 1999,58,365-9. 

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