National Lead Institute

The lead industry s trade groups were of several types. The National Lead Institute, perhaps the earliest lead industry group, began to sponsor research on lead as a human health issue in the early 1920s. These efforts were prompted in part by questions about occupational and, somewhat later, childhood lead poisoning in the United States. Aub et al. (1924) were provided funds to study such topics as the behavior of lead in the human body. In 1928, the LIA was formed, with a number of the major lead producers and lead users as members. The LIA appears to have been the de facto organizational successor to the National Lead Institute. The LIA recently disbanded through a formal bankruptcy action. 

The antineoplastic agent mitindomide (160) in fact represents the well-known product from irradiation of maleimide in benzene [30]. The activity of this old compound was uncovered by one of the large antitumor screens maintained by the National Cancer Institute, The structure is sufficiently complex and the starting materials sufficiently available to lead one to suspect that the product is still produced photochemically. The product can be rationalized by assuming successive 1,4 and 1,2 additions to benzene. Intermediate 159a involves the 1,4 followed by 1,2 addition intermediate 159b presupposes the steps occur in the reverse order. 

The leading organization in the development of standards in the United States is the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). It is the member body representing the United States in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the Pan American Standards Commission (COPANT). ANSI does not write any standards. It promotes standardization, coordinates efforts toward standardization, and approves standards. It annually publishes a list of American... 

NCI. 1985. Monograph on human exposure to chemicals in the workplace Lead final report. Washington, DC U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute. July,... 

Research for this book was funded by a grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (lead institute), the National Human Genome Research Institute, and the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health. I want to thank, in particular, Dr. Rochelle Long, of the NIGMS, for her commitment to the exploration of these issues as well as her support and substantive contributions. 

Our survey consisted of randomly dialed telephone interviews of 1796 individuals across the country performed by Telesurveys Research Associates of Houston, Texas, under contract with the Institute for Bioethics, Health Policy and Law of the University of Louisville School of Medicine. The research was funded by the following three Institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of General Medical Sciences (lead institute),... 

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship models are used increasingly in chemical data mining and combinatorial library design [5, 6]. For example, three-dimensional (3-D) stereoelectronic pharmacophore based on QSAR modeling was used recently to search the National Cancer Institute Repository of Small Molecules [7] to find new leads for inhibiting HIV type 1 reverse transcriptase at the nonnucleoside binding site [8]. A descriptor pharmacophore concept was introduced by us recently [9] on the basis of variable selection QSAR the descriptor pharmacophore is defined as a subset of... 

Even if the concept of primary element standards has already proved a success it covers presently only a few elements. Only an international division of labor can build up this part of measurement infrastructure. In addition to the initiative of CIPM and the national metrology institutes the leading producers of reference materials should cooperate to establish a worldwide system... 

There are seven common thermocouple types as identified by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). They are identified by letter designation and are described in Table 2.33. There are four other thermocouple types that have letter designations however, these four are not official ANSI code designations because one or both of their paired leads are proprietary alloys. They are included at the end of Table 2.33. Although Table 2.33 lists the standard commercially available thermocouples, there are technically countless other potential thermocouples because all that is required for a thermocouple is two dissimilar wires. 

Spelman College chemistry graduates are characteristically well prepared and competitive in their postbaccalaureate pursuits. They are accepted into graduate programs at some of the nation s leading institutions. Table 3.35 complements Table 3.2 in listing institutions where graduates have matriculated. 

M.B. Schenker of Institute of Toxicology, University of California Davis in Davis, California is leading a multidisciplinary study supported by National Cancer Institute (NCI). This study will examine whether environmental asbestos deposits in California are associated with increased rates of mesothelioma. The study will address geological occurrence of asbestos and potential human exposure based on population patterns and known occupational exposure, and epidemiological characteristics of the disease in the state. The project will plan a case-control study to rigorously test the hypothesis that mesothelioma in California is independently associated with environmental asbestos exposure. 

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