Nanotubes mechanical properties

Key Words —Nanotubes, mechanical properties, thermal properties, fiber-reinforced composites, stiffness constant, natural resonance. 

The first measurements of nanotube mechanical properties were performed on multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs) using transmission electron microscopy (3). This was achieved by analyzing the amplitude of thermal vibrations of the nanotubes. This measurement has been followed by a number of others, either on MWNTs (4-6),... 

Keywords ceramic matrix composites, carbon nanotubes, mechanical properties, sintering, glasses... 

This is a nonpolar rubber with very little unsamration. Nanoclays as well as nanotubes have been used to prepare nanocomposites of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. The work mostly covers the preparation and characterization of these nanocomposites. Different processing conditions, morphology, and mechanical properties have been smdied [61-64]. Acharya et al. [61] have prepared and characterized the EPDM-based organo-nanoclay composites by X-ray diffracto-gram (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy... 

The force effect is applicable to investigation of the mechanical properties of nanomaterials [28, 29]. We measured TERS spectra of a single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundle with a metallic tip pressing a SWCNT bundle [28]. Figure 2.13a-e show the Raman spectra of the bundle measured in situ while gradually applying a force up to 2.4 nN by the silver-coated AFM tip. Raman peaks of the radial breathing... 

Another interesting type of novel carbons applicable for supercapacitors, consists of a carbon/carbon composite using nanotubes as a perfect backbone for carbonized polyacrylonitrile. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), due to their entanglement form an interconnected network of open mesopores, which makes them optimal for assuring good mechanical properties of the electrodes while allowing an easy diffusion of ions. 

CNTs have been one of the most actively studied electrode materials in the past few years due to their unique electronic and mechanical properties. From a chemistry point of view, CNTs are expected to exhibit inherent electrochemical properties similar to other carbon electrodes widely used in various electrochemical applications. Unlike other carbon-based nanomaterials such as C60 and C70 [31], CNTs show very different electrochemical properties. The subtle electronic properties suggest that carbon nanotubes will have the ability to mediate electron transfer reactions with electroactive species in solution when used as the electrode material. Up to now, carbon nanotube-based electrodes have been widely used in electrochemical sensing [32-35], CNT-modified electrodes show many advantages which are described in the following paragraphs. 

Coleman, J. N., Khan, U., Blau, W. J., and Gunko, Y. K. 2006. Small but strong A review of the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-polymer composites. Carbon 44 1624-52. 

The mechanical properties of the inorganic nanotubes have only been investigated to a relatively small extent. The Young s modulus of multiwall BN nanotubes was measured using the vibrational method within a TEM (17) and was found to be 1.2 TPa, which is comparable to the values measured for carbon nanotubes. The Young s modulus of the b-P nanotubes was calculated (88a). The observed value, 300 GPa, is some 25% of the Young s modulus of carbon nanotubes. The Poisson ratio of b-P nanotubes was calculated to be 0.25 in this work. 

Biercuk MJ, Llaguno MC, Radosavljevic M, Hyun JK, Johnson AT (2002). Morphological and mechanical properties of carbon-nanotube-reinforced semicrystalline and amorphous polymer composites. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 2767-2769. 

Meincke O, Kaempfer D, Weickmann H, Friedrich C, Vathauer M, Warth H (2004). Mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of carbon-nanotube filled polyamide-6 and its blends with acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene. Polymer 45 739-748. 

Velasco-Santos C, Marty nez-Hema ndez AL, Fisher FT, Ruotf R, Castano V M (2003b). Improvement of thermal and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube composites through chemical functionalization. Chem. Mater. 15 4470 4475. 

Dresselhaus MS, Dresselhaus G, Charlier JC, Hernandez E (2004) Electronic, thermal and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences 362 2065-2098. 

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