Nanostructures block copolymers

Chen ZR et al (1997) Pathways to macroscale order in nanostructured block copolymers. Science 277(5330) 1248-1253... 

Self-assembly and microphase separation Phase separation of polymer blends and/or block copolymers Random structures (polymer blends) and self-assembled nanostructures (block copolymers) Nanometer to micrometer Phase separation influenced by film thickness, temperature and substrate [36. 130, 135-141]... 

Schricker Scott, Palacio Manuel, and Bhushan Bharat. Designing nanostructured block copolymer surfaces to control protein adhesion. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. A. 370 no. 1967 (2012) 2348-2380. 

DSC cooling and heating scans of the nanostructured block copolymers presented here can be found elsewhere [207,208]. Figure 5.15 shows the peak melting and crystallization temperatures (T and T ) and the crystallinity degree (%XJ for the... 

Hoarfrost ML, Segalman RA (2011) Ionic conductivity of nanostructured block copolymer/ ionic liquid membranes. Macromolecules 44(13) 5281-5288. doi 10.1021/ma200060g... 

Potential Applications of Nanostructured Block Copolymer-Derived Hybrids 135... 

Puskas, J.E., Antony, P., Paulo, C., Kwon, J., Kovar, M., Norton, P., and Altstadt, V. Macromolecular engineering via carbocationic polymerization Branched and hyperbranched stmctures, block copolymers and nanostructures, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 286, 565-582, 2001. 

Blockcopolymer microphase separation [9] Depending on the length of chemically different blocks of monomers in a block copolymer, ordered nanostructures can be obtained in bulk samples and thin films. The film morphology can differ significantly from the bulk morphology, but because the structure is determined by the pair-pair interaction of monomers and/or an interface, and it is a thermodynamically stable structure, it is classified as self-assembly. 

Further modification of the above nanostructures is useful for obtaining new functional materials. Thirdly, we apply the dopant-induced laser ablation technique to site-selectively doped thin diblock copolymer films with spheres (sea-island), cylinders (hole-network), and wormlike structures on the nanoscale [19, 20]. When the dye-doped component parts are ablated away by laser light, the films are modified selectively. Concerning the laser ablation of diblock copolymer films, Lengl et al. carried out the excimer laser ablation of diblock copolymer monolayer films, forming spherical micelles loaded with an Au salt to obtain metallic Au nanodots [21]. They used the laser ablation to remove the polymer matrix. In our experiment, however, the laser ablation is used to remove one component of block copolymers. Thereby, we can expect to obtain new functional materials with novel nanostmctures. 

Linder, S. M. and Thelakkat, M. (2004) Nanostructures of n-type organic semiconductor in a p-type matrix via self-assembly of block copolymers. Macromolecules, 37, 8832-8835. 

Kang N, Perron ME, Prudhomme RE et al (2005) Stereocomplex block copolymer micelles core-shell nanostructures with enhanced stability. Nano Lett 5 315-319... 

Nishiyama N, Kataoka K (2006) Nanostructured devices based on block copolymer assemblies for drug delivery designing structures for enhanced drug function. Adv Polym Sci 193 67-101... 

Self Organized Nanostructures of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers II... 

Nishiyama, N. and Kataoka, K. Nanostructured Devices Based on Block Copolymer Assemblies for Drug Delivery Designing Structures for Enhanced Drug Function. Vol. 193, pp. 67-101. 

X. Kong and S.A. Jenekhe, Block copolymers containing conjugated polymer and polypeptide sequences synthesis and self-assembly of electroactive and photoactive nanostructures, Macromolecules, 37 8180-8183, 2004. 

Predicting the characteristic sizes and morphologies of these nanostructures has been an intense topic of investigation from both the theoretical and experimental points of view. Critical parameters are the degree of polymerization and the volume fraction of the constituent blocks, as well as the Flory-Huggins parameter between them. More complete information about microphase separated structures in bulk block copolymers can be found in the book of Hamley [2],... 

In a more general way, the loading of metal salts into preformed block copolymer micelles has become the most used route for the incorporation of precursors into block copolymer nanostructures because it allows precursor loading with tolerable loading times, it is quite versatile, and it is applicable to a wide variety of precursor/block copolymer/solvent systems. The accordingly synthesized polymer-coated metallic or semiconducting nanoparticles exhibit increased stability, which results in, e.g., protection against oxidation as illustrated by Antonietti et al. [108]. 

Covalently connecting two incompatible polymers at their ends leads to a fascinating class of self-assembling materials [1]. Block copolymers constitute a well-studied and well-documented set of nanostructured hybrid materials [2], Many synthetic techniques are available for generating AB diblock, ABA triblock, ABC triblock and even more complicated block architectures [3,4], Furthermore, the thermodynamics governing the self-assembly... 

Abstract This article is a review of the chemical and physical nature of patternable block copolymers and their use as templates for functional nanostructures. The patternability of block copolymers, that is, the ability to make complex, arbitrarily shaped submicron structures in block copolymer films, results from both their ability to self-assemble into microdomains, the bottom-up approach, and the manipulation of these patterns by a variety of physical and chemical means including top-down lithographic techniques. Procedures for achieving long-range control of microdomain pattern orientation as well... 

The self-assembly of block polymers, in the bulk, thin film and solution states, produces uniformly sized nanostructured patterns that are very useful for nanofabrication. Optimal utilization of these nanoscopic patterns requires complete spatial and orientational control of the microdomains. However, the microdomains in the bulk state normally have grain sizes in the submicron range and have random orientations. In block copolymer thin films, the natural domain orientations are generally not desirable for nanofabrication. In particular, for composition-asymmetric cylindrical thin films, experimental... 

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