Nanostructured poly nanocomposites

In the second approach to self-assembly of polymer-silica nanocomposites, polymerizable surfactants are employed both to direct self-assembly into ordered mesophases and to serve as organic monomers which can be subsequently polymerized. For instance, Brinker et al. developed nonionic surfactants incorporating diacy-telene groups which could be polymerized upon irradiation by UV light.68 69 Similarly, poly(thiophene)70 and poly(pyrrole)71 have been successfully integrated into silica nanostructures in this manner. Importantly, this in situ polymerization produces isolated molecular wires, rather than clustered bundles of conductive polymer.70... 

Much work has been reported on studying the structure of thermoset resins via SAXS, especially focussing on interpenetrating network polymers (IPNs), thermoset nanocomposites, rubber-modified thermosets and thermoset-thermoplastic blends. Most recently Guo et al, (2003) have examined the use of SAXS to monitor the nanostructure and crystalline phase structure of epoxy-poly(ethylene-ethylene oxide) thermoset-thermoplastic blends. This work proposes novel controlled crystallization due to nanoscale confinements. 

Polythiophene derivates are polymers of great interest, widely used in organic electronics. Thus, the utilization of polythiophene nanofibers could open the path to the development of nanostructured organic electronics with a high surface area for a range of applications. El-Aufy, in his PhD thesis, studied poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/ poly(styrenesulfonate) PEDOT/PSS nanofibers and nanocomposites using PAN as a... 

Paul et al. [54] developed the plasticized PLA nancomposites by melt blending of PLA with 20 wt% of poly(ethyleneglycol) 1000 (PEG 1000) and different amounts of MMT to investigate the thermal and morphological properties of the plasticized PLA nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has pointed out that all the studied MMT led to intercalated nanostructures, even the unmodified MMT had produced an intercalated structure. The researchers stressed that the particular... 

Alternatively, hydrophilic multi-hydroxyl poly(GMA-OH)-grafted MWCNTs could be converted into multicarboxyl polymer-functionalized CNTs by reaction with succinic anhydride and then used as templates to efficiently sequestrate metal ions such as Ag", Co ", Ni , Au , La and (Scheme 5.3), generating MWCNT-polymer/metal hybrid nanocomposites, nanowires or necklace-like nanostructures, depending on the grafted polymer content and the nature of the captured metals. The combination of SEM, TEM and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) characterizations demonstrated the structure and elements of the hybrid nano-objects. 

Mallakpour S, Dinari M. Chiral poly(amide-imide)/organoclay nanocomposites derived from pyromelUtoyl-bis-l-isoleucine and benzimidazole containing diamine synthesis, nanostructure, and properties. Colloid Polym Sci 2012 290(l) 81-90. 

Self-doped polyanilines are advantageous due to properties such as solubility, pH independence, redox activity and conductivity. These properties make them more promising in various applications such as energy conversion devices, sensors, electrochromic devices, etc. (see Chapter 1, section 1.6). Several studies have focused on the preparation of self-doped polyaniline nanostructures (i.e., nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanofilms, nanocomposites, etc.) and their applications. Buttry and Tor-resi et al. [51, 244, 245] prepared the nanocomposites from self-doped polyaniline, poly(N-propane sulfonic acid, aniline) and V2O5 for Li secondary battery cathodes. The self-doped polyaniline was used instead of conventional polyaniline to minimize the anion participation in the charge-discharge process and maximize the transport number of Li". In lithium batteries, it is desirable that only lithium cations intercalate into the cathode, because this leads to the use of small amounts of electrolyte... 

Apart from these properties, the exeellent barrier eapability to moisture and gases of polymeric nanocomposites has shown significant potential in civil engineering applications [34—36]. It was reported that the construction industry will be one of the major potential consumers of nanostructured materials [37]. A substantial decrease in moisture permeability was reported in polyamide nanoclay composites with water absorption rate reduced by 40% in comparison to neat polymer [38]. An 80% decrease in water absorption was reported for poly (e-caprolactone) nanoclay composites [39]. Hackman and Hollaway studied the potential appheations of clay nanocomposite materials to civil engineering structures. They eoncluded that their ability to increase the service life of materials subjected to aggressive environments could be utilized to increase the durability of glass and carbon fiber composites [34]. 

Goitisolo I, Eguiazdbal JI and Nazabal J (2010) Stiffening of poly(ethylene terephthalate) by means of polyamide 6 nanocomposite fibers produced during processing. Compos Sci Tech 70 873-878. Denchev Z, Dencheva N, Fimari S S, Motovilin M, Schubert T and Stribeck N (2010) Nanostructure and mechanical properties studied during dynamical straining of microfibrillar reinforced HDPE/PA blends, J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys 48 237-250. 

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