Nanoparticles yttrium oxide

Since oxide materials are extensively used in practical devices such as lamp phosphors or laser materials, their behavior at the nanoscale level has also been investigated. The size of yttrium oxide nanoparticles Y2C>3 Ln can be finely tuned by glycine-nitrate combustion synthesis. The overall equation of the exothermic reaction can be expressed as ... 

The size of the nanodroplets can be controlled in the range of 5 - 80 nm by changing the concentration ratio of water/surfactant in the microemulsion system. By this method, yttrium oxide [67], cerium oxide [68-70], neodymium oxide [71], and erbium oxide [72, 73] nanoparticles have been synthesized. The average particle size of the particles adopts values in the range fi om 2 to 70 nm, which depends on the synthesis conditions. 

Schubert D, Dargusch R, Raitano J et al (2006) Cerium and yttrium oxide nanoparticles are neuroprotective. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 342 86—91... 

Meso-Macroporous Yttrium Oxides The self-formation phenomenon was also used for the preparation of hierarchically porous yttriiun oxides by a controlled polymerization of yttrium butoxide in aqueous media [12,141,144], The synthesized yttrium oxides are 0.5-2 pm in size and are covered by a smooth surface. The fissure particles with funnel-hke and parallel macrochannels below the smooth surfeice were observed by higher resolution SEM observations (Figure 32.13b). The yield of the synthesis as well as the amount of macropores per particle continuously decreases with increasing initial synthesis pH values. The macropore diameters are 1-5, 2-8, and 5-10 pm for syntheses carried out in acidic, neutral, and basic media, respectively. The macropore walls are formed by a regation of mes-ostructured nanoparticles giving a supplementary interparticle porosity centered at 30 nm. A third level of porosity is demonstrated by the inhomogeneous pores centered at 3-7 nm for syntheses in acidic and neutral media and 5-15 nm in an alkaline medium. As for all the previously described compositions, the meso-macroporous yttria structures are amorphous at the atomic scale. 

In a similar work, ultrasound radiation was used to prepare EU2O3 doped in zir-conia and yttrium-stabilized zirconium (YSZ) nanoparticles [83]. Europium oxide was also coated sonochemically on the surface of submicron spherical zirconia and YSZ, which were fabricated by wet chemical methods. Time decay measurements of the doped and coated materials were conducted using a pulsed laser source. Lifetimes < 1.1 ms radiative lifetime of the Eu+ ions were detected for the doped and coated as-prepared materials. When the doped and coated samples were an-... 

Second, crystallographic engineering of the top atomic layer of the cores allows us to anploy a variety of core materials and so modification of the properties of supported PtML- Electrodeposition in nonaqueous solvents may open a fundamentally distinct area for the design and synthesis of core-shell nanoparticles. Considerable possibilities arise for studying core-shell interactions that are inaccessible in aqueous solutions. Our preliminary data show that yttrium nanoparticles, electro-deposited on carbon black in an organic solution, exhibited a certain unique interaction with codeposited Pt a 10-fold lower concentration of such Pt does not affect much the cathodic peak while it suppresses the dissolution of yttrium at the anode. On the other hand, we propose that carbon quantum dots, for example, small fragments of graphene oxides or carbon nanotubes, can support a... 

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