Nanoparticles capped

FIG. 9 Silver nanoparticles capped by 4-carboxythiophenol electrostatically adsorbed to positively charged octadecylamine monolayers, (a) Mass uptake versus number of layers at subphase pH 12 and pH 9 the inset shows the contact angle of water versus the number of layers, (b) Absorbance spectra as a function of the number of layers transferred (left), with the inset showing the plasmon absorbance at 460 nm versus the number of layers. Thickness versus number of layers as determined by optical interferometry is shown on the right. (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 103. Copyright 1996 American Chemical Society.)... 

Coulomb blockade effects have been observed in a tunnel diode architectme consisting of an aluminum electrode covered by a six-layer LB film of eicosanoic acid, a layer of 3.8-nm CdSe nanoparticles capped with hexanethiol, and a gold electrode [166]. The LB film serves as a tunneling barrier between aluminum and the conduction band of the CdSe particles. The conductance versus applied voltage showed an onset of current flow near 0.7 V. The curve shows some small peaks as the current first rises that were attributed to surface states. The data could be fit using a tunneling model integrated between the bottom of the conduction band of the particles and the Fermi level of the aluminum electrode. 

Research on semiconductor nanoparticle technology by chemists, materials scientists, and physicists has already led to the fabrication of a number of devices. Initially, Alivisatos and co-workers developed an electroluminescence device from a dispersion of CdSe nanoparticles capped with a conducting polymer349 and then improved on this by replacing the polymer with a layer of CdS, producing a device with efficiency and lifetime increased by factors of 8 and 10, respectively. 0 Chemical synthetic methods for the assembly of nanocrystal composites, consisting of II-VI quantum dot polymer composite materials,351 represent one important step towards the fabrication of new functional devices that incorporate quantum dots. 

Fig. 5 Metal nanoparticles capped with mesogenic and pro-mesoeenic units 1 1301, 306, 313, 314], 2 [310], and 3 [298]...

Kumar et al. nevertheless succeeded in creating stable suspensions of hexanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles (1.6 nm core diameter) and gold nanoparticles capped with a 10CB thiol (similar to nanoparticle 3 in Fig. 5) in a lyotropic hexagonal columnar phase (HI phase formed by a 42 58 w/w Triton X-100/water system) as well as an inverse hexagonal columnar phase (H2 phase formed by AOT). Both types of nanoparticles were shown to stabilize the HI phase... 

Fig. 18 Gold nanoparticles capped with triphenylene thiols forming linear arrays due to full 71-71-stacking of triphenylenes attached to adjacent gold nanoparticles. Adapted from Fig. 2c in [538]...

Fig. 22 Nanoparticles decorated with pro-mesogenic dendronized or bent-core liquid crystal ligands nematic Fe304 mixed monolayer nanoparticles capped with dendronized cyanobiphenyl ligands and oleic acid (17) [132], and mixed monolayer, non-mesogenic gold nanoparticles decorated with bent-core liquid crystal and hexane thiolates (18) [547]...

A mesoporous silica nanosphere-based carrier system with chemically removable CdS nanoparticle caps for stimuli-responsive controlled release of neurotransmitters and drag molecules. 

Fig. 10 Example of a contact-killing and microbe-releasing surface. The scheme shows the design of a two-level dual-functional antibacterial coating containing both quarternary ammonium salts and silver. The coating process begins with LbL deposition of a reservoir made of bilayers of PAH and PAA. (A) Cap region made of bilayers of PAH and SiC>2 nanoparticles (NP) is added to the top. (B) The SiC>2 nanoparticle cap is modified with a quarternary ammonium silane (QAS) PEM polyelectrolyte multilayer. (C) Ag+ is loaded into the coating using the available unreacted carboxylic acid groups in the LbL multilayers. Scheme was reproduced from [138]...

Figure 16.5 Design principle of nanoparticle gated mesoporous silica nanospheres. The nanoparticles cap the pores by covalent bonds trapping previously diffused guest molecules. The bonds are then broken under specific stimuli allowing the guest molecules to diffuse away.

Gold nanoparticles capped with tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOAB) in toluene were prepared using well-established routes.43 The resulting solution displays a red-wine color, and has a strong absorption peak around 530 nm.44 45... 

Cn(hfac)2 (7b) °. The qnality of the copper fihns deposited on the SAM diffusion barrier was high regarding pnrity and nniformity, comparable to that of films deposited on Si(lOO) and traditional diffnsion barriers (TiN). Copper selenide binary phases can be grown from Cn(acac)2 (7a) and trioctylphosphine selenide. Depending on the techniques applied, tetragonal Cn2Se (aerosol-assisted CVD) or cnbic Cn2 xSe nanoparticles capped with hexadecylamine (liqnid deposition) are prodnced. ... 

Scheme 8.7 General mechanism for gelation of metal chalcogenide nanoparticles capped with thiolate funclionahlies (RS-) hy oxidative removal of capping groups as disulfide (RS-SR) and subsequent nanoparticle condensation. (Reproduced with permission from I. U. Arachchige and S. L. Brock, Acc. Chem. Res. 2007, 40, 801. Copyright 2007 American Chemical Society.)...

M. Kasture, S. Singh, R Patel, R A. Joy, A. A. Prabhune, C. V. Ramana, and B. L. V. Prasad, Multiutility sophorolipids as nanoparticle capping agents Synthesis of stable and water dispersible Co nanoparticles, Langmuir, 23 (2007) 11409-11412. 

Novikov, G.F., Gapanovich, M.V., Rabenok, E.V. et al. 2011. Dielectric properties of sols of silver nanoparticles capped by alkyl carboxylate ligands. Russ. Chem. Bull. 60 419-425. 

Datta, A., Priyam, A., Sinha, A. K., Bhattacharya, S. N., Chatterjee, S., and Saha, A. 2007. Gamma radiation induced differential growth of CdS nanoparticles capped with aromatic and aliphatic thiols. Colloid Surf. A, 301 239-245. 

A. Henglein, M. Giersig. Formation of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles Capping Action of Citrate, J. Phys. Chem. BC 1999, v. 103,9533-9539. 

Figure 4.26 Sketch of an arrangement of DNA/Au nanoparticles. Positively charged 3.5 nm gold nanoparticles, capped with lysine, add to the negatively charged phosphate backbones of DMA to build up equidistant rows.

Henglein, A., 1999. Formation of colloidal silver nanoparticles capping action of citrate. J. Pbys. Cbem. B 103, 9533-9539. 

Cassagneau, T. and Fendler, J. H., Preparation and Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly of Silver Nanoparticles Capped by Graphite Oxide Nanosheets. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B,103(ll), 1789-1793 (1999). 

Li, Z.F., M.T. Swihart, and E. Ruckenstein. 2004. Luminescent silicon nanoparticles capped by conductive polyaniline through the self-assembly method. Langmuir 20 (5) 1963-1971. 

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