Oxidation of graphite

The composition varies with the heat treatment and the end point according to x-ray diffraction studies it is a form of carbon that reconverts to weU-ordered graphite on heating to 1800°C. Before the use of x-rays, chemists used the Brodie reaction to differentiate between graphitic carbons and turbostratic carbons. Turbostratic carbons yield a brown solution of humic acids, whereas further oxidation of graphite oxide produces mellitic acid (benzenehexacarboxyhc acid) [517-60-2] ... 

The simplest description of the reaction responsible for the radiolytic oxidation of graphite is ... 

It is well known that for a given weight loss, thermal oxidation of graphite causes a larger reduction in strength and elastic modulus than radiolytic oxidation. Pickup et al. [78] showed the decrement in dynamic elastic modulus, E, due to thermal oxidation fitted an exponential relationship ... 

Thermal oxidation of graphite moderators is significant in several contexts. In the early air-cooled reactors the moderator temperature was low and hence the thermal oxidation rate was acceptable. However, the rate increased as the graphite became damaged by neutron irradiation. Moreover, the heat produced from the exothermic reaction... 

The electrochemical intercalation of HS04 anions together with H2S04 was described by Thiele in 1934. The composition of the product of prolonged anodic oxidation of graphite in concentrated sulphuric acid is... 

The oxidation of wood charcoal by means of sulfuric acid leads to mellitic acid and its decarboxylation products 6 nitric add may also be employed.7 Pyromellitic acid has also been obtained by the electrolytic oxidation of graphite in an alkaline medium.8... 

This may lead to the irreversible changes in the material, caused by partial oxidation of graphite, loss of reversibility of the system along with the efficiency of reaction for intercalation-deintercalation (1). 

There exists a point of view that the main mechanism of electrochemical corrosion is assoceated with a full step by step oxidation of graphite to C02 during the cycling, according with reaction (3), [2],... 

McKee, D.W. (1970). The copper-catalyzed oxidation of graphite. Carbon 8, 131-139. 

If the oxidation of graphite by nitric acid is conducted in the presence of catalysts, such as vanadic acid or silver nitrate, mellitic acid, Cl2012H.6, is obtd-... 

Reviews of Articles on Oxidation of Graphite. The most recent review of graphite oxidation kinetics is that of Mayers (50) in 1934. However, a number of symposia on reactions of carbon have been organized in recent years and many of the papers reviewed here are taken from these collections. Specifically the symposia are to be found in Volume 47 of Journal de Chimie Physique and in Volumes 44 and 45 of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Many of the papers in the former journal are written in English. 

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