Gamma-radiation-induced

Gamma Radiation Induced Preparation of Polyelectrolytes and Its Use for Treatment of Waste Water... 

The reported values for the exponent of the dose-rate for the polymerization rate in gamma radiation-induced copolymerization of acrylamide with methyl chloride salt of A, A -dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEM-MC) in aqueous solution was found to be 0.8 [16]. However, the dose-rate exponent of the polymerization rate at a lower dose-rate was found to be slightly higher than 0.5 for gamma radiation-induced polymerization of acrylamide in aqueous solution [45,62]. 

From the logarithmic plot of the Arrhenius equation shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the overall activation energy, / p, was calculated to be 0.65 and 0.56 Kcal/mol for AM-AANa and AM-DAEA-HCl systems, respectively. However, the corresponding reported values for gamma radiation induced copolymerization of acrylamide with DMAEM-MC in aqueous solution was found to be 2.0 Kcal/mol [16]. 

T. Siyam, Studies on Gamma Radiation Induced Copolymerization of Acrylamide Sodium Acrylate as Floccu-lant, M. Sc. Thesis, Fac. Sci., Cairo Univ. (1982). 

There are a number of important factors that must be considered before applying gamma radiation-induced grafting. These factors include the radiation sensitivity of the polymer/monomer system, radiation dose and dose rate, type and concentration of inhibitor, type of solvent or diluent, and monomer concentration. The effect of such parameters on the grafting efficiency during mutual grafting is given below. 

Ilcim M et al (2010) ET-IR study of gamma-radiation induced degradation of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) and PVA/humic acids blends. J Radioanal NucI Chem 283 9-13... 

The gamma-radiation-induced oxidation of 2-propanol has been investigated. Acetone and hydrogen peroxide are the principal products and arise via a chain reaction in aqueous acid solutions at high concentrations of 2-propanol. In neutral solutions of 2-propanol and in solutions of methanol and ethanol, no such chain reactions are observed. The reasons for this are discussed along with the implications of the results for the hydroxyl radical yield in water radiolysis. 

Gamma radiation-induced mass and emulsion polymerization of vinyl monomers has been studied by the American, Metz, and the German, Hummel. 

Gamma-Radiation-Induced Polymerization of Some Vinyl Monomers in Emulsion Systems... 

The goal of our work was to study the gamma-radiation-induced emulsion polymerization of some less common vinyl monomers, and to obtain more reliable data by refining the experimental technique. 

It is apparent from the present results that maleic anhydride forms an adduct of Type II with benzene and alkylbenzenes under the influence of silent discharge. The generally accepted path of formation of II in photochemical (6) or gamma-radiation induced (14) reaction is the following (benzene is used as substrate for convenience) ... 

CAPUTO G., GALIA F., SCRO F., SPADARO G., FILARDO G., Gamma radiation induced polymerization of vinyl monomers in dense CO2. Radiat. Phys. Chem., (2002), 63,45-51. 

Extensive work has been reported by Spadaro and co-workers (Table 11.9), to examine the effects of gamma-radiation-induced functionalization of PE e.g., reactions (R-22), (R-26 to R-29), and (R-38)). It is known that polar groups on polyolefins help their compatibili-zation with polymers containing polar groups [Gaylord, 1989]. Use of chemically functionalized PE for preparing blends with PA-6 has also been examined [Chen et al., 1988 Xanthos, 1988 Raval et al., 1991]. 

H-J. Kim et al.. Binding-site specificity of the gamma radiation induced crosslinking between phenylalaine and phenylalanine-containing tetrapeptide, Radiat. Res., 100 (1984) 30. 

Misra, N., Biswal, J., Gupta, A., Sainis, J. K., and Sabharwal, S. 2012. Gamma radiation induced synthesis of gold nanoparticles in aqueous polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution and its application for hydrogen peroxide estimation. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 81(2) 195-200. 

Lee, K. R, Gopalan, A. L, Santhosh, R, Lee, S. H., Nho, Y. C. 2007. Gamma radiation induced distribution of gold nanoparticles into carbon nanotube-polyaniline composite. Compos. Sci. Technol. 67 811-816. 

Datta, A., Priyam, A., Sinha, A. K., Bhattacharya, S. N., Chatterjee, S., and Saha, A. 2007. Gamma radiation induced differential growth of CdS nanoparticles capped with aromatic and aliphatic thiols. Colloid Surf. A, 301 239-245. 

Spadaro, G., Dispenza, G., Me Grail, R, and Valenza, A. 2004. Submicron structured polymethyl methacrylate/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber blends obtained via gamma radiation induced in situ polymerization. Advances in Polymer Technology 23(3) 211-221. 

---