Named association

Langmuir also gave needed emphasis to the importance of employing pure substances rather than the various natural oils previously used. He thus found that the limiting area (at the Pockels point) was the same for palmitic, stearic, and cerotic acids, namely, 21 per molecule. (For convenience to the reader, the common names associated with the various hydrocarbon derivatives most frequently mentioned in this chapter are given in Table IV-1.)... 

The illustrious names associated with these expressions for f show that it is a factor of considerable importance and not merely a concept conjured up for the present discussion. 

Transition Names associated Special region/nm Source of spectrum... 

Hazard analysis (HAZAN) is a quantitative way of assessing the likelihood of failure. Other names associated with this technique are risk analysis, quantitative risk assessment (QRA), and probability risk assessment (PRA). Keltz [44] expressed the view that HAZAN is a selective technique while HAZOP can be readily applied to new design and major modification. Some limitations of HAZOP are its inability to detect every weakness in design such as in plant layout, or miss hazards due to leaks on lines that pass through or close to a unit but cany material that is not used on that unit. In any case, hazards should... 

There are several ways of choosing the /3 value. Some of the names associated with these methods are Fletcher-Reeves, Polak-Ribiere and Hestenes-Stiefel. Their definitions of /3 are... 

Figure 12-118A. Common names associated with centrifugal fan components. (Used by permission ASHRAE Handbook and Product Directory, 1979, pp. 3.1. American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved.) Also see 1996 Edition, HVAC Systems and Equipment.

It should be noted that there are normally three names associated with a drug the trade or proprietary name (e.g., Nexium), generic or nonproprietary name (esomeprazole), and a specific chemical name for the active ingredient. In the case of esomeprazole, the active ingredient is the S-isomer of benzimidazole. 

These effects have names associated with their discoverers the induction of estrus in adult females by males is known as the Whitten effect the acceleration of puberty in immature females by males is known as the Vanderburgh effect. Perhaps you can work these terms into the conversation at your next cocktail party. People may be impressed. 

Can the organic chemists associated with so-called Named Reactions make the same claim as supermodel Heidi Klum Many scholars of chemistry do not hesitate to point out that the names associated with name reactions are often not the acmal inventors. For instance, the Arndt-Eistert reaction has nothing to do with either Arndt or Eistert, Pummerer did not discover the Pummerer rearrangement, and even the famous Birch reduction owes its initial discovery to someone named Charles Wooster (first reported in a DuPont patent). The list goes on and on... 

Numbers have names that you speak. For example, when you write down a phone number that someone is reciting, you hear two, one, six, nine, three, two, seven, and you write down 216-9327. Some other names associated with numbers refer to how the numbers are classified. 

While in Germany, one can visit several sites from the life and career of Meyer. He shared the 1882 Davy Medal of the Royal Society (London) with Mendeleev for discovery of the periodic law. Today, Mendeleev is the first name associated with the discovery of the periodic law and invention of the periodic table. In most accounts, though, Meyer stands second. 

Theoretical aspects of underwater expins were studied intensively during WWII. The prominent names associated with these studies are Kirkwood, Bethe, Brinkley, Penney and Dasgupta. Most of their efforts were summarized in presently hard-to-find NDRC reports. Fortunately Cole (Ref 1, Chaps 2,4 8) provides an excellent detailed overview of their work. In this section we will follow Cole s presentation very closely. A less detailed summary of the theoretical studies is given in Chapt 13 of Ref 10... 

Names associated in these discoveries include Roland Kuhn and John Cade. While looking for a treatment for depression, Kuhn worked with thorazine, the newly found drug effective with schizophrenia. He progressed to find the second classification of antidepres-... 

The Fukui function or frontier function was introduced by Parr and Yang in 1984 [144], They generously gave it a name associated with the pioneer of frontier molecular orbital theory, who emphasized the roles of the HOMO and LUMO in chemical reactions. In a reaction a change in electron number clearly involves removing electrons from or adding electrons to the HOMO or LUMO, respectively, i.e. the frontier orbitals whose importance was emphasized by Fukui.4 The mathematical expression (below) of the function defines it as the sensitivity of the electron density at various points in a species to a change in the number of electrons in the species. If electrons are added or removed, how much is the electron density... 

In the assignment scheme herein formulated, the name associated with any molecule is a purely machine-readable number/letter/punctuation string. A summary of the morphemes used in assigning names to a compound is listed in Table 2. 

Standard heterocyclic syntheses tend to have a name associated with them and it is simply not worth while learning these names. Few chemists use any but the most famous of them we will mention the Knorr pyrrole synthesis, the Hantzsch pyridine synthesis, and the Fischer and Reissert indole syntheses. We did not mention that the synthesis of furans from 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds is known as the Feist-Benary synthesis, and there are many more like this. If you are really interested in these other names we suggest you consult a specialist book on heterocyclic chemistry. 

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