NADPH reduced

NADP = nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH = reduced nicotinamide—adenine dinucleotide phosphate NDP = nucleoside... 

In living organisms, aldehyde and ketone reductions are carried out by either of the coenzymes NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) or NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). Although... 

NADPH Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NAF Neutrophil activating factor l-NAME L-Nitroarginine methyl ester... 

In the Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian, the SVWN exchange-correlation functional was used. Equation 4.12 was applied to calculate the electron density of folate, dihydrofolate, and NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) bound to the enzyme— dihydrofolate reductase. For each investigated molecule, the electron density was compared with that of the isolated molecule (i.e., with VcKt = 0). A very strong polarizing effect of the enzyme electric field was seen. The largest deformations of the bound molecule s electron density were localized. The calculations for folate and dihydrofolate helped to rationalize the role of some ionizable groups in the catalytic activity of this enzyme. The results are,... 

Glutathione redox cycle consists of NADPH, reduced glutathione GSH, glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GP) (Reactions (7) and (8)) ... 

Table I). The levels of both, cytochrome P-L50 (Table i) and its NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) requiring reducing component (Figure l)(which can be measured as NADPH dependent cytochrome c reductase) are substantial in fish liver microsomes, although lower than in mammals. NADPH cytochrome c reductase level in trout Salmo trutta lacustris) is 20 nmol cytochrome c reduced/mg microsomal protein/min the corresponding activity in male Sprague Dawley rat liver microsomes is 96 nmol cytochrome c reduced/mg microsomal protein/min (lU). 

NaDPH reduced ricobnamide adenine dinudeobde phosphate... 

NADPH = reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate... 

NADPH Reduced nicotinamide adenine sER Smooth endoplasmic reticulum... 

FMN was first identified as the coenzyme of an enzyme system that catalyzes the oxidation of the reduced nicotinamide coenzyme, NADPH (reduced NADP), to NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). NADP is an essential coenzyme for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase which catalyzes the oxidation of glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconrc acid. This reaction initiates the metabolism of glucose by a pathway other than the TCA cycle (citric acid cycle). The alternative route is known as the phosphoglneonate oxidative pathway, or the hexose monophosphate shunt. The first step is ... 

After PEP carboxylase makes the oxaloacetate, it is transported to the bundle sheath cells. First, NADPH reduces it to malate, and it is then transported to the bundle sheath cells. In the bundle sheath cells, malic enzyme cleaves the malate to pyruvate and C02 for Rubisco. This generates NADPH as well, so the C4 cycle consumes no reducing equivalents. Pyruvate is transported from the bundle sheath back to the mesophyll cells where it is rephosphorylated to phosphoenolpyruvate, expending the equivalent of two ATP high-energy phosphates. ... 

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phoshate (NADPH-reduced form) (absorbs light at 340 nm)... 

NADP+—oxidized form) (NADPH—reduced form)... 

NADH reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADP+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (oxidized form) NADPH reduced form of nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate Nj mole fraction of species) (dimensionless)... 

During catalytic turnover, NADPH reduces FAD and the FAD subsequently reduces FMN by two electrons with the latter eyeling between the hydroquinone and semiquinone states while carrying out the 1-electron reduction of the P450 heme iron (Masters et al., 1966 Backes and Reker-Backes, 1988). The midpoint redox potentials of the FAD are El(,x/sq n290 mV and fi365 mV and of the FMN are El(,x/sq nl lOmV and... 

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