N-propoxides

I n the above procedure, the use of 4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carbonyl chloride in place of 4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carboxyllc acid N-succinimide ester can also afford the same objective compound as above. The use of sodium thio-n-propoxide in place of sodium thiophenoxide can also give the objective compound in the form of the sodium salt. 

Mention has already been made of the application of alkoxycyclophos-phazenes, [NP(OR)2] , as flame retardants in rayon. Although the methoxy-derivatives, with their high phosphorus content, were expected to be most efficient in this respect, their water solubility proved a major shortcoming. However, the n-propoxy series, [NP(OPr )2] ( mainly 3—6), were found to impart excellent flame resistance and were well retained by rayon. The cyclophosphazene alkoxides were obtained by the addition of sodium-n-propoxide to the chloride homologues, (NPCl2)n, and were added to the viscose dope before the rayon was spun. The flame resistance imparted by various amino- and thioalkoxy-derivatives was also tested, but found to be inferior to the results obtained with alkoxy-deriva-tives. Several patent applications have resulted from work on this topic. ... 

The alcohol exchange reaction was shown above in equation (2). The reactive alkoxy group (OR) is replaced by an alkoxy group that has less hydrolysis sensitivity (OR ). A representative example here is the use of reagents such as zirconium n-propoxide and titanium /-propoxide, both of which possess polar bonds, for the production of lead zirconate titanate films. Commonly in these processes, R OH is 2-methoxyethanol (CH3OCH2CH2OH), which is generally present as a bidentate ligand.35... 

Nanosized crystalline spheres of zirconia (Zr02) ranging from 2.5 to 15 nm in mean diameter with a narrow size distribution have been prepared by a method similar to that for the preparation of the uniform anatase titania (34). In a typical system, zirconium(IV) n-propoxide is mixed with triethanolamine at a molar ratio of 1 3 in a dry box filled with dry air to form a stable compound of Zi against the rapid... 

Alkoxides (titanium ethoxide, titanium n-propoxide, titanium n-butoxide, titanium sec-butoxide, titanium ethylhexoxide, aluminum sec-butoxide, zirconium n-propoxide, and their mixtures), typically 3 ml, sonicated with propylene carbonate, typically 17 ml, for 20-30 to form uniformly turbid emulsions. Immediate addition of water (10 mol excess) hydrolyzed the alkoxides. Precipitated oxide powders washed (in a Soxhlet extractor) with THF or 2-propanol for 21-30 h, dried, calcinated... 

The deposited gel is then dried in a suitable atmosphere and at an appropriate temperature. For example, a ferroelectric PZT film can be made by dipping a silica substrate into a hydrolyzing mixture of titanium tetraiso-propoxide (0.48 mol), zirconium tetra-n-propoxide (0.52 mol), and lead(II) 2-ethylhexanoate (1.0 mol), drying the film at 100 °C, firing it at 400°C, repeating the procedure 20 times, and then finally firing the sample at about 600 °C. 

Ti and Zr containing polytetramethylene oxide (PTMO) ceramic hybrid materials have lately been prepared by a sol-gel technique [61, 62]. Trialkoxy silane capped organic oligomer (PTMO or polyarylene ether sulfones) backbones with titanium isopropoxide or Zr-(n-propoxide) are used in this process ... 

The data accumulated on properties of Nb and Ta alkoxides studied in detail permitted the connection to be traced between the molecular complexity and the boiling points for different members ofthe homologous series, which allowed some general conclusions to be made concerning the trends in the homologous series in general (see Chapter 3). Concerning the vapor pressures and the possibility of purification by distillation, see [205]. The evaporation enthalpies for methoxides, ethoxides, and n-propoxides of the 2 metals are... 

This intramolecular Michael addition has been used to obtain the C/D ring in a short synthesis of adrenosterone (6).2 Thus cyclization of 3 with zirconium tetra-n-propoxide results in the desired 4 and the corresponding cw-isomer in a 25 1 ratio. The B ring was added to give 5 in 62% yield by reaction of the anion of 4 with 2-(trimethylsilyl)-l-pentene-3-one (5, 462). The last ring was then added to obtain 6 by a method developed previously by Stork and Logusch (10,234-235). 

HYDRAZINES t-Butyl carbazate. HYDRINDANES Zirconium(IV) n-propoxide. 

On the basis of molecular weight measurements and infrared spectroscopy it has been suggested (61, 62) that dibutyltin dimethoxide, di-n-propoxide, and di-n-butoxide are associated into dimers in the pure liquid state, [5a], whilst the di-t-butoxide is monomeric, [5b]. 

The chemical shifts clearly enable one to differentiate between the two species [5a] and [5b] dibutyltin dimethoxide, diethoxide, di-n-propoxide, and di-n-butoxide all show low-frequency shifts (—159 to —165 ppm), whereas the di-t-butoxide and di-s-butoxide, in which the... 

Solution chemistry precursor solvent nitric acid content water content precursor concentration temperature Titanium n-butoxide (Ti(C4H90)4) methanol 0.125 mol/mol of precursor 4 mol/mol of precursor 0.625 mmol/mL of methanol room temperature Zirconium n-propoxide (Zr(CjH70)4) n-propanol 0.83 mol/mol of precursor 2 mol/mol of precursor 1.0 mmol/mL of n-propanol room temperature... 

T3.8.2.3 Obtained in Microemulsion Ammonium hydroxide was added to a solution containing Igepal Co520 (surfactant) and cyclohexane, and the mixture was shaken to obtain a microemulsion. Solutions of zirconium n-propoxide in acetylacetone and n-butanol (l 0.5 3) and of tetraethyl orthosilicate in water and ethanol (1 1 4) were mixed for 3 h, and the mixture was added to the microemulsion with stirring, and hydrolyzed for 3 d. The final concentrations of alkoxides were 0.0075 M, the water surfactant molar ratio was 0.8, and the water alkoxide molar ratio was 10. The powder was washed with acetone and heated at 900°C for 2 h. 

Zr n-propoxide was hydrolysed in a dispersion containing pure rutile (from National Lead). The hydroxide was thermally decomposed at 500°C for 3 h. 

PZC/IEP of Titania-Zirconia Composite Obtained from Zr n-Propoxide and Rutile... 

TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPOXIDE or TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPYLATE or TITANIUM TETRA-n-PROPOXIDE (546-68-9) TiCi2Hi,04 Highly flammable liquid. Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 113°F/45°C cc Fire Rating 3). Reacts with water or steam, forming vapors... 

The following chemicals have been used Almninium isopropoxide, 98+ (Aldrich), cerium (III) 2-ethyUiexanoate, 49% in 2-ethyUiexanoic acid (Alfa Aesar), copper (II) 2-ethyUiexanoate, 98% (Alfa Aesar), platinum (II) acetyl-acetonate, 97% (Alfa Aesar), zinc 2-ethyIhexanoate, 99% (Alfa Aesar) and zirconium (IV) n-propoxide, 70% w/w in n-propanol (Alfa Aesar)... 

A similar set of experiments was reported 6) for the replacement of isopropoxide by n-propoxide. Numerous other alkoxides have shown parallel results. 

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