Myeloid cell precursors

Hematopoiesis is defined as the development and maturation of blood cells and their precursors. In utero, hematopoiesis may occur in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. However, after birth, it occurs exclusively in the bone marrow. All blood cells are generated from a common hematopoietic precursor, or stem cell. These stem cells are self-renewing and pluripotent and thus are able to commit to any one of the different lines of maturation that give rise to platelet-producing megakaryocytes, lymphoid, erythroid, and myeloid cells. The myeloid cell line produces monocytes, basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils, whereas the lymphoid stem cell differentiates to form circulating B and T lymphocytes. In contrast to the ordered development of normal cells, the development of leukemia seems to represent an arrest in differentiation at an early phase in the continuum of stem cell to mature cell.1... 

Fig. 2. Chemokine receptors on DC subtypes. mDCpre, myeloid dendritic cell precursor pDCpre, plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursor.

Leucocyte All the white cells of the blood and their precursors (myeloid cell series, lymphoid cell series) but commonly used to indicate granulocytes exclusive of lymphocytes. 

Leukemias are classified according to the lines of blood cell precursors they arise from. Lymphatic leukemia and myeloid leukemia are most common. 

Hahrr G, lores R, Mocarski ES (1998) Cytomegalovirus remairrs laterrt irr a commorr precursor of derrdridc arrd myeloid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95 3937-3942. 

The cells that are the principal agents of adaptive or acquired immunity are from the lymphoid lineage of stem cells. Similar to the situation with myeloid cells, mutations in lymphoid precursor cells give rise to the lymphocytic leukemias. 

GM-CSF stimulates the maturation of granulocyte precursors and the development of monocytes and dendritic cells. It is approved in stem cell and bone marrow transplant patients to reconstitute granulocytes and myeloid cells. Its... 

There are many different cell types in the immune system and these cells interact in a complex reaction of signaling and communication to create the overall response. The cells of the immune system derive from two types of cells in the bone marrowy myeloid stem cells and lymphoid stem cells. Myeloid cells give rise to precursor cells of the innate immune system, whereas lymphoid cells generate precursors of cells of the adaptive immune system. Chemokine receptors are found on almost all immune cells. 

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Precursor cell that has the abihty to rephcate and proliferate into all the lymphoid and myeloid blood cell lines. 

The G-CSF receptor has been well characterized. It is a single transmembrane polypeptide found on the surface of neutrophils, as well as in various haemopoietic precursor cells, platelets, endothelial cells and, notably, various myeloid leukaemias. (Myeloid means derived from bone marrow leukaemia refers to a cancerous condition in which there is uncontrolled overproduction of white blood cells in the bone marrow or other blood-forming organs. The white cells produced are generally immature/abnormal and result in the suppression of production of healthy white blood cells.)... 

Although closely related, monocytes/macrophages (MO) possess features that are distinct from DCs. Due to their limited expression of T-cell costimulatory molecules, MO are not able to prime T cells de novo, but rather stimulate effector/memory T cells by the secretion of cytokines, which support T-cell proliferation. As DCs, MO differentiate from myeloid precursors and form a heterogeneous population of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that link the innate and adaptive immune systems. However, their ability to interact with T cells via MHC class II TCR interaction(s) as well as engagement of T-cell costimulatory receptors on their surface, makes close contact between MO and Tregs likely to occur in vivo. 

---