Mycobacterium tuberculosis streptomycin activity

It is chemically related to nicotinamide and thiosemicarbazone. It is bactericidal. It is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to INH and streptomycin. It is converted to pyrazinoic acid (active... 

Acler Actiluatics. Other antibiotics were quickly discovered after the introduction of penicillin. A different type of antibiotic, streptomycin, which is active against a widei lange of pathogens than penicillin and is a potent inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, was isolated from a strain of actinomycete from the throat of a chicken by Waksman at Rutgers in 1944 (Aiba and Evans). Actinomycetes are commonly found in soil and are intermediate between fungi and bacteria. Since 1944. numerous other metabolic products of actinomycetes have been isolated and have made a transition from the bench scale to wide therapeutic use. 

Streptomycin (Figure 8.25) is produced by cultures of a strain of Streptomyces griseus, and is mainly active against Gram-negative organisms. Because of its toxic properties it is rarely used in modern medicine except against resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the treatment of tuberculosis. 

Dickinson JM, Aber VR, Mitchison DA. Bactericidal activity of streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide alone and in combination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1977 116(4) 627-35. 

Streptomycin [7], the first aminoglycoside to find clinical use, was second only to penicillin as an antibiotic in so doing. It was the very first antibiotic with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the microorganism that causes tuberculosis. In-... 

Other oligosaccharides, such as streptomycin (36) (Fig. 15.7) from Streptomyces griseus isolated from soil samples, have potent antibiotic properties (Sneader, 1985). Streptomycin was originally of great interest because of its activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Sneader, 1985). 

Amikacin and kanamycin (see Chapter 46) have been used in the treatment of tuberculosis. Amikacin is very active against several mycobacterium species however, it is expensive and has significant toxicity. It is considered in the treatment of MDR tuberculosis after streptomycin and capreomycin. An additional use of amikacin is in the treatment of disseminated MAC in AIDS patients. There is no cross-resistance between streptomycin and other aminoglycosides most M. tuberculosis strains that are resistant to streptomycin are... 

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