Other Oligosaccharides

Maltose [a-D-glucopyranosyl-(l- 4)-D-glucopyranose] has been found in the trunkwood of Acer pseudoplatanus and Picea abies (93) and in the symplast of Betula pendula at 0°C (149). 

The rare trisaccharide melezitose [0-a-D-glucopyranosyl-(l- 3)-yff-D-fruc-to-furanosyl-(l- 2)-a-D-glucopyranose] occurs in the manna of Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii) (95), Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana), and Alhagi camelorum as a result of insect attack. 

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Calculations of inter-residue oxygens distances were also made and, suprisingly, these indicated that none of the low-energy confomeres possessed strong intra-molecular hydogen bonds of the type commonly found in other oligosaccharide and polysaccharide systems (Table... 

Amylase, the most important endoglyco-sidase in the pancreas, catalyzes the hydrolysis of al 4 bonds in the polymeric carbohydrates starch and glycogen. This releases maltose, maltotriose, and a mixture of other oligosaccharides. 

Some of the results determined in this way with blood-group substances are described in Table X. A number of other oligosaccharides... 

Other oligosaccharides obtained from ovarian-cyst blood-group substances indicate that these macromolecules have many features in common (items 17-19) between the various types but, as they have been isolated after partial hydrolysis with acid, it is, in general, not possible, from this information alone, to assign a position to them within the carbohydrate moieties. Those items represented by 13,... 

Many other oligosaccharides and polysaccharides are synthesized by similar routes in which sugars are activated for subsequent reactions by attachment to nucleotides. In the glycosylation of proteins, for example (see Fig. 27-34), the precursors of the carbohydrate moieties include sugar nucleotides and lipid-linked oligosaccharides. 

D-Fructose (Fru), a ketose that is a close structural and metabolic relative of D-glucose. It occurs in honey and fruit juices in free form, in the disaccharide sucrose (table sugar) as a 5-membered furanose ring, and in other oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. 

Groups. XXXVII. The Structures of Difucosyl and Other Oligosaccharides Produced by Alkaline Degradation of Blood Group A, B, and H Substances. Optical Rotation and Circular Dichroism Spectra of These Oligosaccharides, Biochemistry (1967) 6,1448. 

Menzel et al. [19] Glucose, maltose, maltotriose and other oligosaccharide Sugar syrup Co-immobilised /3-amylase, amyloglucosidase, mutarotase, glucose oxidase and peroxidase Potentiometric, fluoride sensitive (pF), buffer capacity insensitive electrolyte isolator semiconductor capacitor (pF-EIS-CAP) chip ... 

Dextransucrase, which characteristically converts sucrose to dextran plus D-fructose, is capable of acting similarly on certain other oligosaccharides.63 1 However, this range of substrates does not include plante-ose, even though planteose has an unsubstituted a-D-glucopyranosyl moiety. 

Other oligosaccharides were produced in much smaller amounts. 

Other oligosaccharides can also act as substrates. The transglucosylase of Arabidopsis leaf disproportionates maltotriose and forms higher maltodextrins of much greater size than maltooctaose.295... 

Later a number of other oligosaccharides of trehalose type were prepared.49 A trehalose, assigned the a, -configuration on the basis of Hudson s rules of isorotation,47 was prepared in 15% yield by treating a toluene solution of D-glucose tetraacetate first with zinc chloride and then with phosphorus pentoxide. 

Ingestion of difructose dianhydride III improves the population and properties of the microorganisms in the intestines, but apparently differently from other oligosaccharides (Saito and Tomita, 2000). Likewise, it improves calcium absorption in the small intestine via a mechanism that appears to differ from other known stimulants. 

Flickinger, E.A. and Fahey, G.C., Jr., Pet food and feed applications of inulin, oligofructose and other oligosaccharides, Br. J. Nutr., 87, S297-S300, 2002. 

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