Muscle fine structure

Hulbert, W.C., Guppy, M., Murphy, B. and Hochachka, P.W. (1979). Metabolic sources of heat and power in tuna muscle. 1. Muscle fine structure. Journal of Experimental Biology 82,289-301. 

Amylo-1 —> 6-glucosidase obtained by Cori and Larner218 from rabbit muscles, and R-enzyme isolated by Hobson, Whelan and Peat219 from potatoes and broad beans, are typical debranching enzymes, which will hydrolyze the 6 — 1-a-D-glucosidic linkage rather than the normal 4 —> 1-a-D linkage. These enzymes will therefore be particularly important in determinations of the fine structure of amylopectin, if they can be sufficiently well purified. 

That actin and myosin are jointly responsible for contraction was demonstrated long before the fine structure of the myofibril became known. In about 1929, ATP was recognized as the energy source for muscle contraction, but it was not until 10 years later that Engelhardt and Ljubimowa showed that isolated myosin preparations catalyzed the hydrolysis of ATP.138 Szent-Gyorgi139 140 showed that a combination of the two proteins actin (discovered by F. Straub141) and myosin was required for Mg2+-stimulated ATP hydrolysis (ATPase activity). He called this combination actomyosin. 

Sjostrom, M., and Squire, J. M. (1977). Fine structure of the A-band in cryo-sections. The structure of the A-band of human skeletal muscle fibres from ultra-thin cryo-sections negatively stained./. Mol. Biol. 109, 49-68. 

Yamaguchi, M., Izumimoto, M., Robson, R. M., and Stromer, M. H. (1985). Fine structure of wide and narrow vertebrate muscle Z-lines. A proposed model and computer simulation of Z-line architecture. / Mol. Biol. 184, 621-643. 

Linari, M., Piazzesi, G., Dobbie, I., Koubassova, N., Reconditi, M., Narayanan, T., Diat, O., Irving, M., and Lombardi, V. (2000). Interference fine structure and sarcomere length dependence of the axial X-ray pattern from active single muscle fibers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 7226-7231. 

Johnston, LA. and Moon, T.W. (1981). Fine structure and metabolism of multiple innervated fast muscle fibres in teleost fish. Cell and Tissue Research 219, 93-109. 

M19. Miiller-Hocker, J., Johannes, A., Droste, M., Kadenbach, B., Pongratz, D., and Hubner, G., Fatal mitochondrial myopathy in Kearns-Sayre syndrome with deficiency of cytochrome oxidase in the cardiac and skeletal muscle An enzyme-histochemical ultra-immunocytochemical fine structural study in longterm frozen autopsy tissue. Virchows Arch. B Cell Pathol. Incl. Mol. Pathol. 52, 353-367 (1986). 

M21. Miiller-Hocker, J., Stiinkel, S., Pongratz, D., and Hiibner, G., Focal deficiency of cytochrome-c-oxidase and of mitochondrial ATPase combined with loosely coupled oxidative phosphorylation in the skeletal muscle of a patient with progressive external ophthalmoplegia An enzyme histochemical, immunocytochemical and fine structure study. J. Neurol. Sci. 69, 27-36 (1985). 

Figure 10. Fine structure of liver glycogen as revealed by selective enzymatic gradation (110). O, , and Q represent glucose residues removed by first, second, and third treatment with muscle phosphorylase represents glucose units removed by amylo-(l - 6) glucosi-dase (the numbers beside these units indicate the number of treatment following phosphoryl-ase action).

Julius Cohnheim (1839-1884). German pathologist, professor at the universities of Kiel, Breslau, and Leipzig. Worked mainly on inflammation ( theory of alteration ), the fine structure of striated muscle ( Cohnheim striation ), infarction, and the etiology of tumors. 

Gabella G (1990) General aspects of the fine structure of smooth muscles. In Motta PM (ed) Ultrastructure of Smooth Muscle. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp 1-22 Geiger B (1983) Membrane-cytoskeleton interaction. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 737 305341... 

IV. The Proteins of the Myofibril and the Fine Structure of Skeletal Muscle... 237... 

For details concerning changes in the fine structure of mitochondria of contractile tissues, the reader is referred to the following heart muscle mitochondria (Kisch, 1956 Munn, 1969 Warshaw, 1969 Mackler et al., 1971), skeletal muscle (Allen and Pepe, 1965), and insect flight muscle (Brosemer et al., 1963 Bucher, 1965 Herold, 1965 Gregory et al., 1967 Kleinow et al., 1971 Sacktor and Shimada, 1972). 

Analogies to Muscle Function and Fine Structure The Boulder Analogy... 

It is reasonable to inquire at this point whether the principles that have been set forth above have any applicability to natural functioning contractile systems. Muscles are very intricately constructed fibrous structures developed by nature to convert chemical energy into mechanical work. Detailed and sophisticated electron microscopic and x-ray diffraction studies have established the fine structure of muscle. The chemical processes and enzymatic activity that are intimately involved... 

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