Murashige-Skoog medium

B5 Gamborg s B5 medium, MS Murashige-Skoog medium, 1/2MS MS medium with inorganic elements at half strength. The following relationship describes the conversion to light intensity units 1000 lx = 13 E (m2s) 1 = 3.4 W nr2. 

Induction of chitinase and chitosanase activities in the callus formation of cabbage leaves on the Murashige-Skoog medium. The following compounds were added to the medium low molecular weight chitosan, -o- CM-chitosan, -e- chitosan oligosaccharides. 

Tomato cell suspensions in modified Murashige and Skoog medium (12) were assayed for change in cell volume at varying concentrations of polar and nonpolar extracts. Twenty-five ml erlenmeyer flasks (5 reps/treatment) containing 10 ml of sterile medium, tomato cell suspension, and extract were allowed to settle for 20 min in sidearm test tube attachments. Relative height of cell volume fraction to medium was recorded each day for 11 days. Cell suspensions were incubated in the dark at 27 C on an orbital shaker at 125 rpm. The doubling time of control cell suspensions were approximately 2.25 days. 

Rheum palmatum Callus culture was induced from petiole of plant cultivated in vivo on the Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) gelled by agar (8g/l), supplemented with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (10 mg/1) and casein hydrolyzate (2 g/1). Callus subcultured every 4 weeks was transferred into the liquid medium and filtered through a sieve (mesh 3 mm). 

Cryptotanshinone (Fig. 4), a diterpene quinone, is produced in root tissues of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge plants. Of remarkable anti-inflammatory effect, a maximal yield of 4.6 0.1 mg of cryptotanshinone/g dw was detected in a 60-day-old callus of S. miltiorrhiza cultured in 0.2-mg/L N -benzyladenine-supplemented Murashige and Skoog medium. ... 

Prepare modified Linsmaier and Skoog medium (Linsmaier and Skoog, 1965) which contains 4.3 g/L of Murashige and Skoog salt mixture, 0.2 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.18 g/L KH2P04, 0.1 g/L inositol, 1 mg/L thiamine EICL, and 30 g/L sucrose. Adjust pH to 5.8. with 1 N KOH and dispense the medium into two 125 mL Erlenmeyer flasks so that each flask contains 30 mL each. 

Fifteen-day-old suspension cultures of Acer pseudoplatanus grown in Murashige and Skoog medium with 3% Glc, 4.4 pM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.45 xM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) readily took up 100 mg/1 of [2-3H]MI over 24 h and utilized up to 20% for pectin biosynthesis. Virtually all of this 3H was recovered in galacturonosyl and pentosyl residues. Increasing the BA level 10-fold drastically blocked [2-3H]MI uptake and little was available for pectin biosynthesis. Increasing the 2,4-D level 10-fold had little or no effect on [2-3H]MI uptake but did diminish the amount of 3H appearing in pectin (Verma et al., 1976). 

The adventitious roots were established from leaf segments (ca. 5x5 mm) of axenic shoot culture or intact plants (in the case of Duboisia) (surface-sterilized with 75 % EtOH for 10 sec and 2 % NaClO containing 1 drop/40 ml Tween 20 for 10 minutes) on Murashige-Skoog (MS) [7] solid medium containing 1 mg/1 lAA or 0.1 mg/1 NAA in the dark at 25 C, except for Hyoscyamus species. The roots were subcultured every 4-8 weeks in liquid medium (50 ml/100 ml flask) containing the same phytohormone as used for their induction (0.5 mg/1 lAA or 0.1 mg/1 NAA). Root cultures of Hyoscyamus species were established from the roots of axenic plants in vitro and subcultured in phytohormone-free MS liquid medium (50 ml/KX) ml flask). 

Cells were grown in 150 ml Murashige-Skoog liquid medium at 27°C using 500 ml conical flasks. 

Figure 2. MerB expressing Arabidopsis resistant to methylmercury. Seeds from wild-type control (RLD), merA, and merB expressing lines were germinated on 1/2 MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium without (left) and with 2 pM methylmercury and grown for three weeks. Only merB expression allows normal...

Photoautotrophic air-grown cell suspension cultures of carnation (Dianthus caryophlllus L.) were routinely subcultured every four weeks using the Murashige and Skoog medium, as previousely described (6). Cells were harvested in the mid-log exponential phase of growth for the experiments. 

Portions of petioles of full developed leaves were used as primary explants from Psoralea biturn nosa L.and were induced to form cal 1i on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium suplemented wi th naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) 2mg 1 1 and benzyladenine, 1mg 1 . Two sucrose concentrations (8g 1" and 20g 1 1) were used.The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.6. Ca11i were grown at 23°C - 1 under a photosynthetic... 

Fig. 89.5 Obtaining a cell suspension culture of Taxus baccata for the production of the diterpene alkaloid Taxol. Calli are induced from sterilized segments of the young branches of T. baccata trees. When developed from branch segments, callus pieces are isolated and cultured in solid MS (Murashige and Skoog medium). Friable calli are transferred to liquid medium and cultured in a shaker at 110 rpm in the dark at 25 °C. For details of experimental conditions, see the reference [11]...

Callus Formation of Cabbage Leaves. Each sample (0.01, 0.05 and 0.10%) of CM-chitosan, low molecular weight chitosan, and chitosan oligosaccharides was added to the Murashige Skoog (M-S) medium,and the pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.7 with 1.0 M NaOH, and the medium (20 mL) was poured into 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks with silicon stoppers. The flasks were autoclaved at 120 C for 15 min. A piece of cabbage leaf was washed... 

The suspension cultures of carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. Harumakigosun) cells were grown in Murashige and Skoog medium, pH 5.8, containing 30 g liter y sucrose and 2 mg liter of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The cultures were maintained on a oratory shaker agitating 110 rpm under dim light at 25 °C and sub-cultured 3 weeks interval. 

Tulip bulbs cv. "Apeldoom" and cv. "destiny" were used. Explants were cut from the basal part of the second and third bulb scale and cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing supplements according to Nishiuchi (1). As growth regulators 2,4-D (1 mg/1) and BAP (1.5 mg/1) were added. 

---