Multiple antimicrobial peptide

Lai, Y., Gallo, R. AMPed up immunity how antimicrobial peptides have multiple roles in immune defense. Trends Immunol 30 (2009) 131-141. 

DSC has also been used to study the effects of a wide variety of antimicrobial peptides on the thermotropic phase behavior of different lipid bilayers. These studies again are highly biologically relevant because the primary mode of action of most antimicrobial peptides is the perturbation and permeabilization of the lipid bilayers of the target membrane, and these agents have considerable promise as antibiotics, especially to treat multiple dmg-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Again, the reader should consult recent reviews for more information on this topic (30, 31). 

Documented effects An antimicrobial peptide was isolated from the seeds and effectively inhibited the growth of multiple fungi species (Lipkin et al. 2005). 

In contrast, Snyder has demonstrated that an RI derivative ofp53 can restore endogenous p53 activity the RI derivative induced apoptosis by activation of endogenous p53 and by restoration of function to several p53 DNA contact mutants. Rl-modified peptides have also been investigated as potential alternatives for bost defense peptides. Indeed, a RI derivative of indolicidin retained tbe antimicrobial and antiendotoxic acitivities of the natural peptide. As the antiendotoxin activities of the Rl-derivative were conserved these results might indicate the conservation of multiple immunomodulatory activities upon retro-inversion, highlighting the potential of this modification for therapeutic applications. 

The multiple functions of peptides in foods (antioxidants, antimicrobial agents, surfactants) and their role in the development of characteristic flavors (sweetness, bitterness), as well as the information they can provide about the genuineness of foods, make peptide analysis a necessity. Producers as well as government laboratories have considerable interest in the study of peptides, both for research purposes and for the control of raw materials and manufactured foods. For this reason, substantial attention is now being focused on the development of analytical techniques designed to separate, characterize, and quantify peptides. 

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