Multi wall carbon nanotubes synthesis

EXAMPLE RSM IN A MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES SYNTHESIS PROCESS... 

N. Li, Q. Xu, M. Zhou, W. Xia, X. Chen, M. Bron, W. Schuhmann, M. Muhler, Ethylenediamine-anchored gold nanoparticles on multi-walled carbon nanotubes synthesis and characterization, Electrochem. Commun. 12 (2010) 939-943. 

Li, X., et al., Atomic layer deposition ofZnO on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and its use for synthesis of CNT-ZnO heterostructures. Nanoscale Research Letters, 2010. 5(11) p.1836-1840. 

Sheng, W., et al., Synthesis, activity and durability ofPt nanoparticles supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes for oxygen reduction. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2011. 158(11) p. B1398-B1404. 

Zhou, X., et al., Facile synthesis of nanospindle-like Cu20/straight multi-walled carbon nanotube hybrid nanostructures and their application in enzyme-free glucose sensing. Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, 2012.168 p. 1-7. 

Recently, the efficacy of LDHs as catalyst precursors for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes via catalytic chemical vapor deposition of acetylene has been reported by Duan et al. [72]. Nanometer-sized cobalt particles were prepared by calcination and subsequent reduction of a single LDH precursor containing cobalt(II) and aluminum ions homogeneously dispersed at the atomic level. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes with uniform diameters were obtained. 

Tao, L., Chen, G., Mantovani, G., York, S., Haddleton, D.M., Modification of multi-wall carbon nanotube surfaces with poly(amidoamine) dendrons Synthesis and metal templating Chem. Commun. (2006), 47, 4949-4951. 

Soneda Y., Duclaux L., Beguin F. Synthesis of high quality multi-walled carbon nanotubes from the decomposition of acetylene on iron-group metal catalysts supported on MgO. Carbon, 2002, 40(6), 965-969. 

An exhaustive study has been carried out recently on the synthesis of BN nanotubes and nanowires by various CVD techniques.17 The methods examined include heating boric acid with activated carbon, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, catalytic iron particles or a mixture of activated carbon and iron particles, in the presence of ammonia. With activated carbon, BN nanowires are obtained as the primary product. However, with multi-walled carbon tubes, high yields of pure BN nanotubes are obtained as the major product. BN nanotubes with different structures were obtained on heating boric acid and iron particles in the presence of NH3. Aligned BN nanotubes are obtained when aligned multi-walled nanotubes are used as the templates (Fig. 40). Prior to this report, alignment of BN nanotubes was achieved by the synthesis of the BN nanotubule composites in the pores of the anodic alumina oxide, by the decomposition of 2,4,6-trichloroborazine at 750 °C.116 Attempts had been made earlier to align BN nanotubes by... 

Stephan was the first to attempted direct synthesis of the B and N multi walled carbon nanotubes (BCN-MWNTs) in 1994 [15-17]. Since then, considerable progress has been made in the synthesis of BCN-MWNTs by different means of arc-discharge [16-18], laser ablation [18-20], piyolysis methods [18,21], and chemical vapor deposition [18,20-24]. Aligned BNC nanotubes have been sueeessfully fabricated by bias assisted hot filament chemieal vapor deposition [27,28]. Up to now, the only existing BCN-SWNTs synthesis was achieved via an... 

Nanoparticles are rapidly gaining popularity in biomedical, optical and electronic areas. Zapping tumors with multi-walled carbon nanotubes, solar cells to light-attenuators and chip-to-chip optical interconnects in futuristic circuitry are some of the potential applications. Thus finding novel ways for the synthesis of these new age materials is of paramount interest where radiation chemistry is modesdy playing a role and the chapter on metal clusters and nanomaterials deals with these aspects. 

SYNTHESIS OF VERTICALLY ALIGNED ARRAYS OF MIXED SINGLE/MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES BY CVD METHOD WITH THE VOLATILE CATALYST... 

CVD method mostly used for multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) synthesis ensures formation of vertically aligned MWNTs arrays [11]. As it was... 

Exhaustive studies have been carried out on the synthesis of BN nanotubes and nanowires by various CVD techniques [225]. The methods examined include heating boric acid with activated carbon, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, catalytic iron particles or a mixture of activated carbon and iron particles, in the presence of ammonia. With activated carbon, BN nanowires are obtained as the primary prod-... 

Multi-wall carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays synthesis by the atmospheric pressure CVD method has been investigated. Thermal decomposition of fluid hydrocarbons (o- and p-xylole f sl liC l which as a solution with the volatile catalyst (ferrocene Fe(CsHs)2) was introduced into the synthesis zone by injection was employed. Different metal/dielectric/semiconductor (MDS) structures, in particular Ti/SifT/Si. AI2O3 membrane/Ni catalyst were used. CNTs growth selectivity can be regulated under certain conditions. The vertically aligned close-packed CNT arrays have been obtained as well as single CNTs in the pores of AI2O3 matrix with Ni catalyst. 

Fig. 7.10 High-resolution TEM images of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (A) After synthesis at 680°C and (B) after heat treatment at 2600°C in an argon atmosphere for2h. The higher graph itization degree of the graphene planes is dearly visible on the heat-treated sample, (q Raman spectra of the carbon nanotubes before (a) and after (b) heat treatment showing the significant increase in the Ic/Id band ratio.

L. A. Montoro, R. C. Z. Lofrano, and J. M. Rosolen, Synthesis of single-waUed and multi-walled carbon nanotubes by arc-water method. Carbon, 43, 200 203, (2005). 

Li, Q., Liu, L, Zou, J., Chunder, A., Chen, Y., Zhai, L., 2011b. Synthesis and electrochemical performance of multi-walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline/Mn02 ternary coaxial nanostructures for supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 196, 565-572. 

Mallakpour S, Zadehnazari A. One-pot synthesis of glucose functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersion in hydrox-ylated poly(amide-imide) composites and their thermo-mechanical properties. Polymer 2013 54(23) 6329-38. 

Tang T, Shi Z, Yin J. Poly(benzimidazole) functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes/100% acidified poly(hydroxyaminoether) composites synthesis, characterization and properties. Mater ChemPhys 2011 129(l-2) 356-64. 

Yuan L, Saito K, Hu W, Chen Z. Ethylene flame synthesis of well-aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Chem Phys Lett 2001 346 23-8. 

Nourbakhsh et at. (2007) [34] provide an example of using RSM. Their objective is to optimize the diameter and mean rectilinear length (MRL) of multi-walled carbon nanotubes under the effect of six factors, namely, synthesis time, catalyst mass, H2 flow rate, synthesis temperature, reduction time and C2H2 flow rate. After using a 2 [6—3] design, they foimd that the H2 flow rate, synthesis temperature and reduction time are significant factors. The authors then use Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to optimize the process. 

Stoner, B.R., Brown, B., and Glass, J. (2014) Selected topics on the synthesis, properties and applications of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Diamond Relat Mater., 42, 49 - 57. 

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