Mucous cells

Spiegel DE. Tucker J. Battaile JT. Alevy Y, Yan L. Agapov E. Kim EY. Holtzman MJ Induction of high-affinity IgE receptor on lung dendritic cells during viral infection leads to mucous cell metaplasia. J Exp Med 2007 204 2759-2769. 37... 

Prostaglandins, through their effects on mucous cell secretion, basal bicarbonate secretion, and mucosal growth, are important factors in gastric healing and protection. Inhibition of prostaglandin production by NSAIDs compromises these important protective mechanisms. Finally, the antiplatelet effects of NSAIDs may worsen bleeding complications associated with PUD. 

Heavy metals possess mutagenic effect. The assessment of mutagenic effect was assessed through evaluation of genes recessive mutation frequency in the micronucleus in oral mucous cells of children living at the tested areas (Tabl. 3). 

Table 3. Micronuclei in oral mucous cells of children living in polluted and control areas (%).

M. S. Kulkarni and K. L. Yielding, DNA damage and repair in epithelial (mucous) cells and crypt cells from isolated colon, Chem. Biol. Interact., 1985, 52(3), 311. 

Stratified squamous to mucociliated epithelium with olfactory cells Mucociliated epithelium (ciliated, mucous cells, basal cells) smooth muscle cells fibroblasts neuroendocrine cells immune cells Mucociliated epithelium with Clara cells in distal bronchioles and alveolar ducts... 

Conducting airways Trachea 0 20-18 Pseudostrati fled cell Ciliated cell Columnar cell Goblet cell Serous cell Mucous cell 20-40... 

Ham M. and Kaunitz J.D. (2007) Gastroduodenal defense. Curr Opin Gastroentrol 23, 607-616 Hidaka E., Ota H. and Hidaka H. (2001) Helicobacter pylori and two ultrastructurally distinct layers of gastric mucous cell mucins in the surface mucous gel layer. Gut 49, 474-480 Hong D.H., Forstner J. and Forstner G. (1997) Protein kinase C-e is the likely mediator of mucin exocytosis in human colonic cell lines. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 272,G31-G37... 

Q9 The stomach secretes a very acid gastric juice with a pH of 1.5-2. The mucosa is normally protected from acid by a number of mechanisms. Mucus is produced by the large number of mucous cells in the body and fundus. It contains glycoproteins called mucins, and the mucus produced forms a kind of gel which coats the mucosal surface. In addition these cells secrete HCO3-, which is trapped in the mucus and increases the local pH to form a less acidic environment at the surface of the epithelial cells. 

Figure 4.1 Components of a gastric gland. The pit and the luminal surface are lined by surface mucous cells. The isthmus contains stem and progenitor cells and is enclosed by a sheath of myofibroblastic cells. Mucous neck cells are found in the neck, while chief and endocrine cells are present in the base of the gland. Parietal cells are actually scattered throughout the gland.

A species difference should be noted- Intrinsic factor is produced by the parietal cells in humans, rabbits, cats, monkeys, and guinea pigs, but by the chief cells and parietal cells in rats, and by mucous cells and parietal cells in hogs. 

Retinoic acid is required for the development of goblet mucous cells. A deficiency results in basal cell proliferation with increased keratini-zation of the epithelial structures. Mucus is one of the essential physical barriers (part of innate immunity) that prevents pathogens from entering the body. Therefore, a retinol deficiency increases the risk of infection. 

Quiniou, S.M.-A., S. Bigler, L.W. Clem and J.E. Bly. Effects of water temperature on mucous cell distribution in channel catfish epidermis a factor in winter saprolegniasis. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 8 1-11, 1998. 

Gordon T, Harkema JR. 1995. Mucous cell metaplasia in the airways of rats exposed to machining fluids. Fundam Appl Toxicol 28 274-282. 

---