Mucinous cystadenoma

Lopez JM, Malpica A, Deavers MT, et al. Ovatian yolk sac tumot associated with endometrioid carcinoma and mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2003 7 300-305. 

Serous cystadenomas account for up to 40% of all benign ovarian neoplasms. They show a peak incidence in the fourth and fifth decades and are in up to 20% bilateral. Mucinous cystadenomas account for 20%-25% of all benign ovarian neoplasms, and are bilateral in only 2%-3% of cases. Both are cystic lesions filled with water-like or... 

Although an overlap exists, imaging features may aid in the differentiation of serous from mucinous cystadenomas [1]. Cystadenomas are well-circumscribed cystic tumors with enhancing thin walls and - if present - internal septations on CT and MRI (Fig. 9.25). The wall and septa are regular and thin (<3 mm) (Fig. 9.26). Papillary projections are rarely found in benign cystadenomas, and tend to be small (Fig. 9.1) [68]. 

Mucinous cystadenomas tend to be multilocular and larger at the time of presentation than serous cystadenomas. They present with a mean size of 10 cm,but maybe as large as 30 cm [1]. 

Serous and mucinous cystadenomas may display similar imaging findings in CT and MRI. If papillary projections are found in cystadenomas, they tend to be fewer and smaller than in borderline... 

Fig.9J5. Mucinous q adenoma in CT. At the level of L5, a cystic ovarian lesion extending to the upper abdomen and measuring 25 cm in diameter is demonstrated. It bulges the abdominal wall and displaces bowel loops posteriorly. It displa) multiple thin septations (arrow). LocuU in the left periphery display attenuation values which are higher than water. The large lesion size and different densities of the loculi are findings suggesting the diagnosis of a mucinous cystadenoma...

Fig. 9.31. Collision tumor of the ovary. CT at the level of the mid pelvis in a 65-year-old woman with sonographically suspected ovarian cancer. A cystic right adnexal mass is demonstrated showing multiple thin septa-tions and a 3-cm lesion with fat density and mural calcifications (asterisk). Pathologically, a collision tumor composed of a benign mucinous cystadenoma and a benign dermoid was diagnosed...

Brenner tumors present rare ovarian tumors that occur at a mean age of 50 years. Brenner tumors constitute l%-3% of ovarian tumors. They are mostly henign, with less than 2% demonstrating borderline or malignant transformation. They are typically small, solid, unilateral ovarian tumors, with 60% of these tumors found under 2 cm in size. Extensive calcification may he observed. The vast majority is discovered incidentally in pathologic specimen of the adnexa. Brenner tumors rarely produce estrogen, and then they may be associated with endometrial thickening [87]. If cystic components are found in Brenner tumors, they may be associated with cystadenomas [88]. Up to 20% of Brenner tumors are associated with mucinous cystadenomas or other epithelial neoplasm (Fig. 9.34). 

Garcia-Villaneuva M, Figuerola NB, del Arbol LR et al (1990) Zollinger Ellison syndrome due to a borderline mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary. Obstet Gynecol 75 549-551... 

Cohen-Scali F, Vilgrain V, Brancatelli G et al (2003) Discrimination of unilocular macrocystic serous cystoadenoma from pancreatic pseudocysts and mucinous cystadenoma with CT initial obsrevations. Radiology 228 727-733... 

Mucinous cystadenoma usually occur in women. In contrast to (the always benign) serous cystadenoma, mucinous tumors represent a histologic spectrum, ranging from adenoma, borderline tumor to non-invasive and invasive carcinoma. With advancing age, the histologic grade of the tumor tends to worsen. The CT appearance is always macrocystic (therefore the synonym... 

Fig. 30.8. Mucinous cystadenoma. The axial CT image shows a unilocular, thin-walled cyst. There was no history of pancreatitis in this patient, which renders diagnosis of a pseudocyst unlikely...

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