Motor vehicle safety

CAL = California MVSS = Motor Vehicle Safety Standard UL = Underwriter s Laboratory. 

Specific Tests. Federal (United States) Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (MVSS) 302 is used to measure the burning behavior of materials used in automobile interiors. A specimen is mounted horizontally and ignited for 15 seconds. The burning rate should be below 10 cm /min. The test specimen is 35.5 X 10.1 cm by the actual thickness (up to 1.3 cm). Automakers typically impose more severe criteria than the 10 cm /min in the standard. 

In vinyls, the aryl phosphates are frequently used in combinations with phthalate plastici2ers. The proportion of the more expensive phosphate is usually chosen so as to permit the product to reflably pass the flammability specifications. In plastici2ed vinyls used in automotive interiors, these phosphates are used to pass the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 302. 

FMVSS. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. 

The postwar economic boom brought the automobile within the reach of more people than ever before but the American automobile culture was attacked in the late 1950s by Vance Packard and in 1965 by Ralph Nader in a book called Unsafe at any Speed. Growing safety concerns led to the passing of the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act in 1968. 

Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49, Transportation, Chapter V, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Department of Transportation, Part 571, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, 571.301 Standard No. 301 Fuel system integrity. 

Motor vehicles Most of the passenger car interiors including car seats are made of polyester fiber (90% of the world market), and in some cases polypropylene fiber. The flammability testing of fabrics used in motor vehicles, in particular, cars are not mandatory due to the fact that fire incidents in motor vehicles are rare and, moreover, fire spreads relatively slowly. Most manufacturers test seating covers and carpets conform to the U.S. FMVSS (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard) 302 test, which is a simple horizontal flame spread test. Other similar standards are German DIN 75 200, British, Australian BS AU 169, and Japanese JIS D 1201 automotive standards. The curtains and blinds are tested according to tests specific to them discussed earlier. 

For flexible PU foam BS4735, UL94 HF1, Italian CSE RF4, Consumer Protection Act 1988, BS5852 schedule 1, Crib 5, California Bulletin 117, Federal Motor Vehicles Safety Standard No. 302... 

SINCO Ignition booster and gas mixture for motor vehicle safety 288... 

Legal requirements. Government requirements like the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 105 and 135 in the United States and ECE R13 in Europe and South America are normally specified to cover vehicle stopping distance under cold, hot, high-speed, thermal and water fade and recovery conditions, and inoperative power assist. Additional requirements are imposed on the selection of raw materials by health, safety, and environmental regulations. These are the minimum requirements that need to be satisfied by a brake system. 

The above cited diol, when incorporated into a flexible polyurethane foam formulation at a 5.6% level (10 phr based on the polyol) produced a self-extinguishing urethane foam, based on the Motor Vehicles Safety Standard 302 Flammability Test. 

Historically, the bulk of urethanes and other plastics have been for interior seating and trim and for mechanical and electrical parts. With its first use in 1970, SMC was the major plastic used on the outside of the car. The promulgation of the Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 215, the bumper standard, resulted in an increase in the external uses of urethanes and other plastics. This resulted in the use of various types of elastomers for bumper sight shields, fender extenders and fascia. 

The impetus for developing the RIM process for producing elastomeric fascia parts was furnished by the requirements of the Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 215, which went into effect in 1973. This regulation required that the front and rear ends of automobiles had to withstand a 5 mph. impact without impairment of functional parts. A more stringent regulation, Standard 581, which came into effect for all bumpers made after September 1, 1979, required that the bumper withstand the 5 mph. impact with no more than a 3/8" dent in the bumper itself. 

Wastewater employee safety program. Safety policy, eye care, health screening, personal protective equipment, foot protection, equipment maintenance, and motor vehicle safety. Produced by Washington Surburban Sanitation Commission, Hyattsville, Maryland. 

It is sometimes convenient to refer to fire tests for plastics, rubbers, and textiles, and while tests exist that are specifically intended for individual materials, a large number of fire tests are intended for products. For example, the Motor Vehicle Safety Standard is intended for materials used inside motor vehicles irrespective of their type. Standards directories list a considerable number of fire tests for plastics and textiles but relatively few for rubber, although in practice a number of the plastics tests are used with rubbers. 

The formulation passes the FMVSS 302 (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard) test used for the assessment of the burning behavior of materials used for vehicle interiors. A specimen of 35.5 X 10.0 X max. 13 cm is mounted horizontally and ignited for 15 sec. The rate of flame spread should not exceed 10 cm/min.]... 

MRB Malaysian Rubber Bureau MVSS motor vehicle safety standard... 

Section 405 of the Surface Transportation Assistance Act was enacted on January 6, 1983, and provides protection from reprisal by employers for truckers and certain other employees in the trucking industry involved in activity related to commercial motor vehicle safety and health. Secretary of Labor s Order No. 9-83 (48 Federal Register 35736, August 5, 1983) delegated to the Assistant Secretary of OSHA the authority to investigate and to issue findings and preliminary orders under Section 405. 

Filing of safety or health complaints with OSHA or other regulatory agency relating to a violation of a commercial motor vehicle safety rule, regulation, standard, or order... 

Refusing to operate a vehicle when such operation constitutes a violation of any federal rules, regulations, standards or orders applicable to commercial motor vehicle safety or health or because of the employee s reasonable apprehension of serious injury to him- or herself or the public due to the unsafe condition of the equipment... 

Graham, John D. (1991). Product Liability and Motor Vehicle Safety, Chapter 4 in Huber, Peter W. Litany, Robert E., The Liability Maze The Impact of Liability Law... 

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