Motion testing

A major advantage of radioscopy is the flexible inspection perspective that allows an optimum adjustment of beam direction and geometrical magnification to the inspection task at hand it also permits in-motion testing. 

With the absence of a guide rope in the north-west corner, three guide ropes were utilized on the east skip during the production. The motion test system was employed to obtain the clearance between the two skips. The test data of skip clearance for the different travels under various velocities were obtained. Also, the displacements at the sensors reflected the deflections of the east skip. Assuming the axis in the centre, the rotation angles of the east skip under various tested conditions were obtained. 

Some primary explosives are reported to have extreme sensitivity. SF and SA are two such substances. Extreme sensitivity of SF is reported in [33], very high sensitivity (approximately 2-3 times higher than that of LA depending on the testing surface) is reported for SA [55]. Such statements must be carefully considered and evaluation based on solid data. Extreme sensitivity of SA is, for example, commonly found in older sources and could be the result of the method of preparation. In the early days, SA was prepared by direct precipitation of aqueous solutions of sodium azide and the silver salt and such a method of preparation could have led to a more sensitive product. Today s industrial SA (product of BAE Systems) is reported to have sensitivity lower than that of LA (determined by emery Motion test) [56]. 

R denotes restriction of motion within the bounds of physiologic motioa The involved joint does not have a full, fiee range of mo tion. The restriction involves one or more planes it most frequently involves the minor motions of ai given joint This restriction is found by motion-testing the joint in all planes. 

Palpation plays a major roll in the diagnosis of somatic dysfunction. The physician uses the hands to diagnose somatic dysfunction as well as other pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. Observation, motion testing, strength testing, and a variety of special tests are incorporated into the diagnostic evaluation of the patient... 

FIG. 25-1 Gross motion testing of the cervical spine, forward bending,... 

FIG. 25-3 Gross motion testing of the cersncal spine, side-bending. 

FIG. 25-5 Intersegmental motion testing ofthe occipi-toatiantai joint. 

Motion-testing side-bending (Fig. 25-7) Maintaining contact with the articular pillars, introduce side-bending until motion is felt at the fingertips. 

FIG. 25-7 Intersegmental motion testing of C2 through C7, side-bending. 

Rotoscoliosis motion testing evaluates the rotation of the vertebrae. Translatory motion testing evaluates side-bending motion. Lateral translation of the vertebra is coupled with side-bending in the opposite direction. Translatory motion of C4 toward the right is coupled with side-hend-ing of C4 to the left. For most cervical vertebrae, side-bending and rotation are coupled and occur... 

Discrepancies in findings between areas ofthe thoracic spine (T1-T12, T1-T8, orTl-T4) may indicate an area of dysfunction and should prompt the physician to examine this area more closely with the techniques of rotoscoliosis testing and intersegmental motion testing, described later. 

Rotoscoliosis testing and intersegmental motion testing are two diagnostic modalities for evaluating somatic dysfunction at a vertebral level. They can be used alone or in conjunction with each other, according to physician preference. 

Regional motion testing. The physician observes for asymmetric side-bending. Restricted motion to the side of the convexity is common. 

Intersegmental motion testing is another method of determining the motion between two vertebrae as one is moved on the other. This assists in determining motion restrictions involved in somatic dysfunction. 

Note that side-bending on intersegmental motion testing is greatly restricted by the ribs... 

Patient position as for intersegmental motion testing of the upper thoracic spine. 

FIG. 47-2 Thoracolumbar regional motion testing backward bending. 

FIG.47-1 Thoracolumbar regional motion testing forward bending. 

FIG. 47-3 Thoracolumbar regional motion testing side-bending. 

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