Moths Bacillus thuringiensis

Bacillus thuringiensis ai wa diamond back larvae, wax moth... 

Burges, H.D. and Hurst, J.A. 1977. Ecology of Bacillus thuringiensis in storage moths. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 30, 131-139. 

McGaughey, W.H. 1982. Evaluation of commercial formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis for control of Indianmeal moth and almond moth in stored inshell peanuts. J. Econ. Entomol. 75, 754-757. 

McGaughey, W.H. 1985a. Evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis for controlling indianmeal moths (Lepidoptera Pyralidae) in farm grain bins and elevator silos. J. Econ. Entomol. 78, 1089-1094. 

McGaughey, W.H. and Beeman, R.W. 1988. Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in colonies of Indian meal moth and almond moth (Lepidoptera Pyralidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 81, 28-33. 

Bacillus thuringiensis is especially effective against winter moth caterpillars. 

DIRECT. Pyrethrum-rotenone sprays have some effect on noctuid moths. At high temperatures Bacillus thuringiensis formulations also have some effect on noctuid moths (50% effect). 

Bryant J.E., Yendol, W.G. (1988) Evaluation of the influence of droplet size and density of Bacillus thuringiensis against gypsy moth larvae (Lepidoptera Lymantriidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 81, 130-134. 

For understandable reasons, Trouvelot lost his interest in entomology, but became a clever astronomist. Materials used to fight back gypsy moth include the chemical pesticide Dimilin , an inhibitor of chitin synthesis. The biological pesticides, Bacillus thuringiensis, or naturally occurring gypsy moth virus is also quite useful. 

Tabashnik, B.E., Cashing, N.L., Finson, N. and Johnson, M.W. (1990). Field development of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in diamondback moth (Lepidoptera PyralUdae). J. Econ. Entomol. 83,1671-1676. 

Thorpe, K. W. Podgwaite, J. D. Slavicek, J. M. Webb, R. E. Gypsy moth (Lepidoptera Lymantriidae) control with ground-based hydraulic application of Gypchek, in-vivo produced virus, and Bacillus thuringiensis. J. Econ. Entomol. 1998,91, 875-880. 

Ballester, V., F. Granero, R.A. de Maagd, D. Bosch, J.L. Mensua, and J. Ferre. 1999. Role of Bacillus thuringiensis toxin domains in Toxicity and receptor binding in the diamondback moth. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65 1900-1903. 

Escriche, B., A.C. Martinez-Ramirez, M.D. Real, F.J. Silva, and J. Ferre. 1994. Occurrence of three different binding sites for Bacillus thuringiensis 5-endotoxins in the midgut brush border membrane of potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller). Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 26 315-327. 

Garner, K., S. Hiremath, K. Lehtoma, and A. P. Valaitis. 1999. Cloning and complete sequence characterization of two g3q)sy moth aminopeptidase-N cDNAs, including the receptor for Bacillus thuringiensis Cryl Ac toxin. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 29 527-535. 

Bacillus thuringiensis toxin to gypsy moth aminopeptidase N receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 275 14423-14431. 

Liu, Y.B., B.E. Tahashnik, W.J. Moar, and R.A. Smith. 1998. Synergism between Bacillus thuringiensis spores and toxins against resistant and susceptible diamonback moths Putella xylostella). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64 1385-1389. 

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