Morphological profiling

Sumiya, E., Shimogawa, H., Sasaki, H., Tsutsumi, M., Yoshita, K., Ojika, M., Suenaga, K., and Uesugi, M. (2011). Cell-morphology profiling of a natural product library identifies. ACS... 

Fig. 12. Image acquired at 285.2 eV of a trilayer structure consisting of a 60-nm thick film of polystyrene (PS) coated on each side with 30 nm of SiO, . Annealing above the glass-transition temperature of PS results in the observed morphology. Profiles that emphasize PS (top profile labeled 285 eV) and spectra show that significant amounts of PS remain in the thin regions. Note that the preabsorption edge profile at 281 eV is essentially flat. (Data acquired with the ALS BL7.0 STXM.) Courtesy of A. P. Hitchcock, McMaster University, and J. Butcher, Guelph University.

Figure 13.1 (1x1) AFM image of an o-plane AIN layer. Inset morphology profile...

Licciardi G, Marpu PR, Chanussot J, Benediktsson JA (2012) Linear versus nonlinear PCA for the classification of hyperspectral data based on the extended morphological profiles. IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett 9(3) 447 51... 

AFM allows 3D nanotopography and morphology profiling of the micro-and nanomaterial/structures. In addition, with the cantilever tip of this instrument, it is possible to determine the principal mechanical (Young s modulus) and electrical (V-7 characteristic) nanostructure properties. STM provides 3D real images with subatomic spatial resolution of electrically conductive samples. 

Figure Bl.9.13. Time-resolved SAXS profiles diirmg isothennal crystallization (230 °C) of PET (the first 48 scans were collected with 5 seconds scan time, the last 52 scans were collected with 30 seconds scan time) calculated correlation fiinctions j(r) (nonnalized by the invariant 0 and lamellar morphological variables...

The physical techniques used in IC analysis all employ some type of primary analytical beam to irradiate a substrate and interact with the substrate s physical or chemical properties, producing a secondary effect that is measured and interpreted. The three most commonly used analytical beams are electron, ion, and photon x-ray beams. Each combination of primary irradiation and secondary effect defines a specific analytical technique. The IC substrate properties that are most frequendy analyzed include size, elemental and compositional identification, topology, morphology, lateral and depth resolution of surface features or implantation profiles, and film thickness and conformance. A summary of commonly used analytical techniques for VLSI technology can be found in Table 3. 

Quantifying the effect of surface roughness or morphology is difficult, however. Surface preparations that provide different degrees of surface roughness also usually produce surfaces that have different oxide thicknesses and mechanical properties, different compositions, or different contaminant levels. The problem of separation of these variables was circumvented in a recent study [52] by using a modified microtome as a micro milling machine to produce repeatable, well-characterized micron-sized patterns on clad 2024-T3 aluminum adherends. Fig. 2 shows the sawtooth profile created by this process. 

The interaction of a simple fluid with a single chemically heterogeneous substrate has also been studied. Koch et al. consider a semiinfinite planar substrate with a sharp junction between weakly and strongly attractive portions and investigate the influence of this junction on the density profile of the fluid in front of the substrate [172-174]. Lenz and Lipowsky, on the other hand, are concerned with formation and morphology of micrometer droplets [175]. 

Commercial thermoplastics are the engineering materials containing two or more compatibilized polymers that are chemically bounded in a way that creates a controlled and stable morphology with a unified thermodynamic profile. In view of multiplicity and contradictory requirements of various properties for most of the applications, almost all the commercial PBAs are made of two or more thermoplastics, elastomeric modifiers along with a series of compatibilizers with modifiers compounded together. A considerable number of blends have been appearing in the market regularly, some of which are listed in Table 9. 

Surface composition and morphology of copolymeric systems and blends are usually studied by contact angle (wettability) and surface tension measurements and more recently by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA). Other techniques that are also used include surface sensitive FT-IR (e.g., Attenuated Total Reflectance, ATR, and Diffuse Reflectance, DR) and EDAX. Due to the nature of each of these techniques, they provide information on varying surface thicknesses, ranging from 5 to 50 A (contact angle and ESCA) to 20,000-30,000 A (ATR-IR and EDAX). Therefore, they can be used together to complement each other in studying the depth profiles of polymer surfaces. 

The primary industries are pulp and paper, lumber, electronics, and tourism. The basin supports extensive wildlife and fish habitat. Precipitation varies from 100 cm at the basin floor to more than 300 cm in the Cascade Range and summers are dry and warm with winters cloudy and wet. Daily average temperatures in the basin range from 1.7 C in winter to 28°C in summer. A cross-sectional profile of the basin is shown in Figure 2A. Figure 2B identifies specific morphological reaches of the main stem Willamette River. 

Fritz H.G., Boel U., and Cai Q., Innovative TPV two-phase polymers Formulation, morphology formation, property profiles and processing characteristics, Polym. Eng. Sci., 39, 1087, 1999. 

Other feature of the molecular profile is involved in the interaction. This may frequently be an inert, structural detail having a simple, morphological function in the interaction, or it may, in some cases, be a polar or a polarizable moiety capable of active participation in the interaction in a sense analogous to that postulated by Kier for sweet taste. Systematic studies to test this concept have yet to be conducted. 

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