Moron

Intensive or extensive culture of aquatic animals requires chemicals that control disease, enhance the growth of cultured species, reduce handling trauma to organisms, improve water quality, disinfect water, and control aquatic vegetation, predaceous insects, or other nuisance organisms. The aquacultural chemical need for various species have been described for rainbow trout, Oncorhjnchus mjkiss (1) Adantic and Pacific salmon, Salmo and Oncorhjnchus sp. (2) channel catfish, Ictaluruspunctatus (3) striped bass, Morone saxatilis (4) milkfish, Chanos chanos (5) moUusks (6) penaeid (Penaeus sp.) shrimp (7) and a variety of other marine species (8). 

Ampho-Moronal (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Amphotericin B zur Infusion (Bristol-Myers Squibb)... 

Dawson MA. 1982. Effects of long-term mercury exposure on hematology of striped bass, Morone-Saxatilis. Fish Bull 80 389-392. 

Brennan LE, Egger D, Bienz K, MoroniC. Characterisation and mitochondrial localisation of AUH, an AU-specific RNA-binding enoyl-CoA hydra-tase. Gene 1999 228 85-91. 

Terebinthales Anacardiaceae Pistacia (mastic) Euphanes (masticadienonic acid, isomasticadienonic acid), oleanananes (oleanonic acid, moronic acid), dammaranes... 

Moronic, isomasticadienonic and masticadienonic acids are considered as characteristic and diagnostic molecules for assessing the presence of mastic resin in ancient samples [2,88,94,123,124],... 

Figure 8.12 Mass chromatogram of m/z 453 of the organic residues extracted from a bowl recovered from Amarna. O, methyl moronate Q, methyl oleanonate U, methyl masticadie nonate W, methyl isomasticadienonate 1 4, unidentified compounds with a base peak at m/z 453. Reproduced from B. Stern, C. Heron, L. Corr, M. Serpico, j. Bourriau, Archaeometry, 45, 457 469. Copyright 2003, with permission from Blackwell...

Figure 12.4 THM GC/MS curve of mastic resin. Peak assignments 1, nor f3 amyrone 2, (8R) 3 oxo hydroxypolipoda 13E,17E,21 triene 3, nor 28 olean 18 en 3 one 4, moronic acid methyl ester 5, oleanonic acid methyl ester 6, oleanonic aldehyde 7,8, (iso)masticadienonic acid methyl ester...

Several studies have dealt with the problem of discriminating between mastic and dammar, and three marker compounds of mastic have been identified moronic, masticadienonic and acetyl masticadienolic acids [42], The chemical structure of (iso)masticadienonic acid and 3-0-acetyl-3-epi(iso)masticadienonic acid is characterized by a side chain, as for dammarane molecules, but with a carboxylic acid end group (Table 12.1). Under pyrolysis conditions this side chain is susceptible to cleavage as demonstrated by the presence, among the pyrolysis products of mastic, of 2-methyl-pent-2,4-dienoic acid, that perfectly matches with the chemical structure of the side chain end. In addition 3-(9-acetyl-3-epi-(iso)masticadienolic acid also loses the acetyl group and, in contrast to masticadienonic acid, is not detected at all. 

Temperature 17"C Fish Striped bass, Morone saxatilis 5.6 7 days As above 16... 

Dawson, M.A., E. Gould, F.P. Thurberg, and A.J. Calabrese. 1977. Physiological response of juvenile striped bass, Morone saxatilis, to low levels of cadmium and mercury. Chesapeake Sci. 18 353-359. 

Heit, M. 1979. Variability of the concentrations of seventeen trace elements in the muscle and fiver of a single striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 23 1-5. 

Hughes, J.S. 1973. Acute toxicity of thirty chemicals to striped bass (Morone saxatilis). Proc. Western Assoc. State Game Fish Comm. 53 399-413. 

Copper concentrations in freshwater fishes collected nationwide in the United States have not changed significantly since 1978 (Schmitt and Brumbaugh 1990). In 1984, samples with the highest copper concentrations were Mozambique tilapia (Tilapia mossambica) from Hawaii and white perch (Morone americana) from the Susquehanna River in Maryland. These locations have historically... 

Striped bass, Morone saxatilis Nevada, Lahontan Reservoir 1981 Single specimen, 16 years old ... 

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