MOREHyS

Section 14.4.2 (but excluding C02 prices for fossil fuels, unlike in the MOREHyS model) the dotted lines for the CCS cases indicate the additional costs for C02 transport and storage. Increases in feedstock prices could significantly increase hydrogen-production costs, owing to their high shares of total costs for some... 

To overcome those deficits of existing instruments, the MOREHyS (Model for Optimisation of Regional Hydrogen Supply) model was developed as a novel tool to assess the introduction of hydrogen as a vehicle fuel by means of an energy-system analysis.2 In the next section, the main features of the MOREHyS model are described. 

A model-based approach for hydrogen-infrastructure analysis - the MOREHyS model... 

MOREHyS was developed by the German-French Institute for Environmental Research (DFIU/IFARE), in Karlsruhe (Germany), in co-operation with the Fraunhofer Institute for System and Innovation Research (ISI) (Karlsruhe) (Ball, 2006 Ball el al., 2006 Kienzle, 2005). MOREHyS is based on the open-source BALMOREL model (Baltic model of regional energy market liberalisation), which was initially developed... 

The MOREHyS model has been applied as a supporting tool for the hydrogen infrastructure analysis within the integrated EU project Hyways to develop the European Hydrogen Energy Roadmap (see www.hyways.de). 

The principal novelties of the MOREHyS modelling approach can be summarised as follows ... 

Fig. 14.3 shows schematically how the hydrogen infrastructure options - comprising the whole supply chain of hydrogen from production (central or onsite), via transport and distribution to the (implementation of) refuelling stations - are modelled in MOREHyS. It has to be noted, that from the point of view of model implementation, transport refers to the transportation of hydrogen between different areas, while distribution is defined as the transportation of hydrogen within the... 

General input data for the MOREHyS model 14.4.1 Development of hydrogen demand... 

The production and supply side is analysed mainly using the MOREHyS model (Ball, 2006 Seydel, 2008). MOREHyS is a technology-based (bottom-up), mixed-integer, linear optimization model. The objective function used for the optimization, which is carried out sequentially, is yearly cost minimization for the whole country and the complete supply chain (production to dispensing) in each snapshot. 

MOREHyS is used separately for each country. A country is divided into areas, and all capacities and demand are described at this level. Hydrogen demand areas are defined on the basis of NUTS areas. Due to computing limitations, areas with similar indicators are merged. In total, 20-26 regions are distinguished per country and a distinction is made between urban and rural regions. Both types play an important role in the build-up of a hydrogen infrastructure. 

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