Self-assembled monolayers nucleation

The use of ordered supramolecular assemblies, such as micelles, monolayers, vesicles, inverted micelles, and lyotropic liquid crystalline systems, allows for the controlled nucleation of inorganic materials on molecular templates with well-defined structure and surface chemistry. Poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers modified with long aliphatic chains are a new class of amphiphiles which display a variety of aggregation states due to their conformational flexibility [38]. In the presence of octadecylamine, poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers modified with long alkyl chains self-assemble to form remarkably rigid and well-defined aggregates. When the aggregate dispersion was injected into a supersaturated... 

Winter C, Weckenmann U, Fischer RA et al (2000) Selective nucleation and area selective OMCVD of gold on patterend self-assembled organic monolayers studied by AFM and XPS a comparison of OMCVD and PVD. Adv Mater CVD 6 199-205... 

J. Aizenberg, A.J. Black, G.M. Whitesides, Control of Crystal Nucleation by Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers , Nature, 398,495 (1999)... 

Doudevski I, Hayes WA, Schwartz DK (1998) Submonolayer island nucleation and growth kinetics during self-assembled monolayer formation. Phys Rev Lett 81 4927-4930... 

In a first attempt to interpret the reductive adsorption transients of BP-based self-assembled monolayer s, we analyzed the experimental data displayed in Fig. 2IB with the diagnostic Avrami equation (Eq. 2), which is based on the Bewick-Fleischmann-Thirsk model of (hole) nucleation and growth [165,166]... 

Hermes S, Schroder E, Chehnowski R, WoU C, Eischer RA. Selective nucleation and growth of metal-organic open framework thin films on patterned COOH/CEj-terminated self-assembled monolayers on Au(lll). J Am Chem Soc 2005 127(40) 13744-13745. 

In recent years, self-assembly was successfully applied in micrometer-scale structures. Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) [11] is the representative example of self-assembly microfabrication, in which stufaces consist of a single layer of molecules on a substrate. SAMs can be prepared simply by adding a solution of the desired molecule onto the substrate surface and washing off the excess. The technique was utilized on the metal substrates with PDMS stamps to form the combined system for controlling of crystal nucleation [12]. Another example involves a fluidic technique based on patterned hydrophobic SAMs and capillary forces to self-assemble micro-fabricated sihcon blocks onto silicon and quartz substrates [13]. 

Aizenberg J, Black AJ, Whitesides GM (1999) Control of crystal nucleation by patterned self-assembled monolayers. Nature 398 495... 

Self-assembled monolayers terminated with COOH and H2PO4 groups, form bone-like apatite on their surfaces in an SBF [34]. This means that COOH and H2PO4 groups are also effective for apatite nucleation. These functional... 

As mentioned above, SAMs are organic assemblies formed by the adsorption of molecules from solution or the gas phase onto the surface of solids. If the adsorbed molecules are chiral, the self assembled monolayer is also rendered chiral. The chirality of the molecule can be distributed within the monolayer interior or located at the terminus of the molecule. However, the chirality is only expressed when the chiral constituent is exposed at the monolayer surface. Chiral SAMs are used in chiral systems. The SAMs can be used to specifically interact with chiral species, such as proteins or amino acids. Chiral SAMs have been used in enantioselective crystallization. In this case, a racemic solution of a chiral molecule is crystallized on a chiral SAM. The chiral SAM serves as a nucleating surface for one of the enantiomers, thereby increasing its crystallization on the SAM. Thus, enantioselective crystallization is achieved. 

Fig. 14 SEM micrographs of calcite crystals grown on carboxylate-functionalized self-assembled monolayers of a C15 - Ag, b Cio - Ag, c C15 - Au, and d Cio - Au. The scale bar represents 20 xm. Insets Computer simulations of similarly oriented calcite rhombohedra with the nucleating planes (NP) indicated. (Reproduced from [200], 2003, WUey)...

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