Monolayers of poly

Waldman D A, Kolb B U, McCarthy T J and Hsu S L 1988 Infrared study of adsorbed monolayers of poly(styrene-propylene sulphide) (PS-PPS) block copolymers Polym. Mater. Sc/. Eng. 59 326-33... 

Figure 4 shows the k weighted experimental data (solid line), filtered data (dashed line) and fit (squares) for an electrode modified with 50 monolayers of poly-[Ru(v-... 

Fig. 17 Reversible surface pressure changes in a monolayer of poly(L-lysine) containing 43 mol% p-phenylazobenzoyl units (Scheme 4, structure V). The monolayer at the water/air...

Kawaguchi s group [82,83] have pointed out that polymer monolayers of poly(n-alkyl 4- vinylpiridinium) chains show a gas - liquid phase transition at surface pressures below 1 N.m 1. As already mentioned, this behavior is different to that of polymer monolayers of neutral and insoluble polymers. 

The interfacial properties of an amphiphilic block copolymer have also attracted much attention for potential functions as polymer compatibilizers, adhesives, colloid stabilizers, and so on. However, only a few studies have dealt with the monolayers o well - defined amphiphilic block copolymers formed at the air - water interface. Ikada et al. [124] have studied monolayers of poly(vinyl alcohol)- polystyrene graft and block copolymers at the air - water interface. Bringuier et al. [125] have studied a block copolymer of poly (methyl methacrylate) and poly (vinyl-4-pyridinium bromide) in order to demonstrate the charge effect on the surface monolayer- forming properties. Niwa et al. [126] and Yoshikawa et al. [127] have reported that the poly (styrene-co-oxyethylene) diblock copolymer forms a monolayer at the air - water... 

Other recent applications of AFM-SECM included the study of the iontophoretic transport of [Fe(CN)6]4 across a synthetic track-etched polyethylene terephthalate membrane by Gardner et al. [193]. They made the structure and flux measurements at the single pore level and found that only a fraction of candidate pore sites are active in transport. Demaille et al. used AFM-SECM technique in aqueous solutions to determine both the static and dynamical properties of nanometer-thick monolayers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains end-grafted to a gold substrate surface [180]. 

Fig. 4. Monolayers of poly(3,5-bis(3,5-bis(benzyloxy)benzyloxy)benzyl methacry-late)-block-poly-(2-perfluorooctylethyl acrylate) (left) and its hybrid with per-fluorooctadecanoic acid at [polymer] [Ci7F35COOH] =1 4 (right), (a) Atomic force microscopic (AFM) images of LB films (b) depth vs. scattering length density (SLD) profiles of Langmuir films (c) schematic illustration of molecular arrangements on water subphase. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [86], 2004, The Materials Research Society of Japan Ref. [87], 2006, American Scientific Publishers.

Figure 2. Polarized IR absorption spectrum of a collapsed monolayer of poly(y-n-decyl-i.-glutamate) air dried on a silver chloride plate.

The diffraction pattern of poly(L-methionine), Figure 4a, is much more crystalline than that of the other two polymers and in several respects resembles that of collapsed monolayers of poly(y-methyl-L-glutamate). The correspondence is shown clearly by the reciprocal lattice diagrams (Figure 5). For an extended account of the basic theory see Stokes (23) and Elliott (24). 

From the electron diffraction observations the calculated area per residue in a monolayer of poly(L-methionine) is 17.2 A the area observed is 16.5 0.5 A2. 

Electron diffraction patterns have been obtained from collapsed monolayers of poly (alanine) and poly (y-benzyl glutamate). The enantiomorphic forms of the other two polymers give patterns with very poor crystallinity, and their racemic mixtures have not therefore yet been investigated. The principal features of the diffraction pattern of poly-... 

The electropolymerization of ferrocene/thiophene conjugates [65] was conducted by oxidation on a Pt electrode and led to the deposition of a monolayer of poly (thiophene). The electropolymerization was performed from several solution systems, such as tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate/acetonitrile and lithium perchlorate/acetonitrile, at a concentration of 0.1 M. Constant potential experiments (+ 2.0 V) for a definite time were used to effect polymerization. Polymerization was also attempted using cyclic voltammetry (repeatedly sweeping from 0.0 to + 2.5 V) and pulse potential (potential stepped from 0.0 to 2.0 V and back to 0.0 V). 

Seki, T, and Ichimura, K. Formation and Langmuir-Blodgett Deposition of Monolayers of Poly(vinyI alcohol)s Bearing Azobenzene Side-Chains of Varied Spacer Length. Thin Solid Films 179, 365 (1989). 

The same authors also studied monolayers of poly(methylmethacrylate) at the air/water interface, believed to be representative of monolayers in a theta solvent. If that were the case, the second vlrial coefficient in 13.8.51 should be zero, and higher-order terms would have to be taken into account. However, it was found that A is not zero in this case, but slightly negative. A plot such as fig. 3.94 starts with a negative slope at extremely low T, followed by an upward swing at higher F. This is Interpreted as a situation with pancakes under conditions worse than a theta solvent. For more details we refer to the original publication. 

FIG. 6. Log r)s vs II for mixed monolayers of poly-DL-alanine and lecithin at pH 5.5. O, Polyalanine , polyalanine-lecithin 4 1 by weight A, polyalanine-lecithin 2 1 by weight. From MacRitchie (1970). 

Figure 22. Langmuir isotherm for the compression of a monolayer of poly(/ -butyl acrylate) brush molecules with the degree of polymerization of the side chains n = 46.168...

Higashi N, Shimizu K, Niwa M. Surface monolayers of poly(L-glutamic acid)-functionalized amphiphiles effect of attachment of spiropyran to the polymer segment. J Colloid Interface Sci 1997 185 44-48. 

Susmel et al. describes a competitive immunoassay for the detection of human cytomegalovirus [121]. Direct capture of the virus from solution, using a number of immobihsation procedures, yielded imsatisfactory results, contrary to what was observed before [43]. A competitive assay performed using a monolayer of poly-L-lysine (covalently attached to a monolayer of thiosali-cyhc acid) yielded a prehminary linear range of 2.5-5 p,gmL of gB epitope and a limit of detection of 1 pgmL ... 

Forty years ago, it was shown that bringing into contact Na-montmorillonite and 4-vinylpyridine at ambient temperature leads to the formation of an intercalated monolayer of poly(4-vinylpyridine) whose aromatic rings are oriented perpendicularly to the slabs (29). Melted acrylamide was also successfully intercalated and polymerized, but the attempted intercalation/polymerization of styrene was less conclusive. At the time, the assumption of an ionic polymerization mechanism initiated by chemisorbed hydronium or hydroxyl ions derived from water was made. 

Fig. 15 Layer structure of a sample film containing labeled PiBMA chains in the middle layer of PiBMA. Two monolayers of poly(vinyl octanal acetal) were deposited as the precoat and overcoat layers to protect the specimen from the air and the substrate...

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