Mitigative effect

Insulate equipment to mitigate effect of ambient temperature changes, e.g., thunderstorm... 

Exactly what type of lessons are learned cannot be foreseen. The size and diversity of site activities give rise to a wide variety of health and safety hazards. Individual sites need to document and disseminate information that could enhance their hazard recognition and mitigation. Effective documentation is an important concept that everyone needs to buy in to if the safety program is going to be effective. Wliy workers fail to document potential problems has been the subject of much debate. 

Source terms for dispersion and other models Uncertainties in effects modeling -Animal data inappropriate for humans (especially for toxicity) Mitigating effects may be omitted... 

D. Whole farm models to predict GHG mitigation effects... 

Is emergency equipment available to mitigate effects of material, and will it such that escape is impaired ... 

The information in this book is concerned primarily with prevention of runaway reactions rather than mitigation effects after such events have occurred. Further, this book covers technical issues and not specifically management techniques. 

Similarly, the reductions in toxicity observed in laboratory toxicity tests where exposure is modified (either through the addition of sediment or by removal to clean water) are also apparent in the field. Field effect concentrations are generally observed to occur at concentrations around three to ten times above those based on standard laboratory data. Dissipation and degradation are therefore clearly the critical factors in mitigating effects of pyrethroids under field conditions. This provides reassurance that preliminary ecological risk assessments based on... 

Mitigation effects (safe havens, evacuation, daytime/nighttime populations)... 

Effect of Safety Measures An evaluation of the mitigation effects of layers of protective systems of different integrities, on the effects or prevention of an incident. 

Heo HJ, Kim MJ, Lee JM, etal, Naringenin from Citrus junos has an inhibitory effect on acetylchoHnestetase and a mitigating effect on amnesia, Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 17 151-157, 2004. 

Tretinoin 0.02% cream has shown no mitigating effects on tactile roughness or mottled hyperpigmentation. 

It is noted in the Executive Summary to the FDA study that the impacts given in the above paragraph do not take account of the possible "mitigating effects" of the May 17, 1978, version of the DRRA, such as the provision that the data cannot for a period of five years be used to obtain market approval for a drug product without the permission of the individual or entity that submitted the data originally. On the other side of the coin, however, is the fact that if one does not accept some or all of the assumptions of the FDA study, the sales loss, and in turn the loss in R D funds, could be significantly greater. 

Association of surfactant molecules onto humic substances is also termed sorption and has been given some attention. In the case of cationic alkyl trimethyl and dimeth-yldioctadecyl ammonium surfactants (Versteeg and Shorter, 1992), the presence of dissolved organic carbon in the water significantly reduced the toxicity of these compounds to fathead minnows. The effect of toxicity reduction increased with increasing hydrophobicity. For the anionic surfactant LAS, this mitigating effect was less pronounced (Traina et al., 1996). 

Dietrich, D., Schlatter, C., Blau, N. and Fischer, M. (1989). Aluminium and acid rain mitigating effects of NaCl on aluminium toxicity to brown trout (Salmo truttafario) in acid water. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry 19,17-23. 

The event trees represented in Figures 2.2 and 2.3 are most effectively utilized when they are automated so that the output of one or more models is fed directly into subsequent models. The availability of event trees in consequence analysis tools enables the user to efficiently perform sensitivity and what-if analysis as well as mitigation effectiveness assessment. 

Another characteristic of foam is the concentration in which it is used. A 3% foam concentrate is mixed at a ratio of 97 parts water to 3 parts foam concentrate. Similarly, a 6% foam concentrate is mixed at a ratio of 94 parts water to 6 parts foam concentrate. Another key consideration is the 25% drainage time—the time required for 25% of the foam s liquid to drain from the foam. This characteristic can be used to measure foam stability, and in combination with the expansion ratio, it can be used to determine how the thickness of the foam blanket will vary with time (NFPA 471, 1989). This dictates the rate at which foam will have to be added to the initial blanket to ensure continued mitigation effects. Second, the drainage time can be used to determine the water, both total quantity and rate, that will have to be dealt with to prevent the incident from becoming an environmental incident as well. 

Experiments were conducted to determine how quickly a low concentration (1.4 /zM) of an aryloxyphenoxypropanoate, haloxyfop (2-[4-[[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-propanoic acid) (Fig.l) could affect lipid metabolism. We used leaf discs as experimental material because it would mitigate effects of herbicide uptake and translocation. Maize (Zea mays) leaf discs were prepared as previously described (15) and incubated in C-acetate. At various times, discs were removed and cell constituents were separated into organic and aqueous soluble fractions (16). Within 30 min of application, 1.4 /zM of either the free acid or the methyl ester of haloxyfop inhibited lipid... 

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