Minerals oxide-type

Several types of mineralizations, massive-type stockwork mineralization and a sulfide-bearing sediment layer were described (Halbach et al., 1989). The outer portion of the massive sulfide sample (late-stage) is composed of barite, realgar, orpiment, amorphous silica and hydrous Fe-Mn oxides, small amounts of sphalerite, galena and pyrite. The central portion consists mainly of sphalerite, pyrite and galena with small... 

Minerals belonging to the category of insoluble oxide and silicate minerals are many in number. Insoluble oxide minerals include those superficially oxidized and those of oxide type. The former category comprises mainly superficially oxidized sulfide minerals, including metals such as aluminum, tin, manganese, and iron which are won from their oxidic sources. As far as silicate minerals are concerned, there can be a ready reference to several metals such as beryllium, lithium, titanium, zirconium, and niobium which are known for their occurrence as (or are associated with) complex silicates in relatively low-grade deposits. 

Many dyes that have no chemical affinity to fibrous substrates can be attached to such substrates by intermediary (go-between) substances known as mordants. These are either inorganic or organic substances that react chemically with the fibers as well as with the dyes and thus link the dyes to the fibers. Mordants are traditionally classified into two main classes, acid and metallic mordants. The acid mordants are organic substances that contain tannins (see Textbox 64) as for example, gall nuts and sumac. The metallic mordants are inorganic substances, mostly mineral oxides and salts that include metal atoms in their composition. Table 94 lists mordants of both these types, which have been used since antiquity. 

The number of oxide type minerals is quite large. Rostov (1956) has identified 160 specific minerals, grouped them into classes (chrysoberyl, spinel, corundum, periclase, etc.), and proposed a classification system. Only a few examples will be discussed here. 

Beaudoin, G. Dupuis, C. 2009. Iron-oxide trace element fingerprinting of mineral deposit types. In Corriveau, L. Mumin, H. (eds) Exploring for Iron Oxide Copper-Gold Deposits Canada and Global Analogues. Geological Association of Canada, Short Course Volume, 19, 107-121. 

Some oxide-type minerals have been found to luminesce when irradiated. A simple example is ruby (aluminium oxide with chromium activator), which emits bright-red light. The phosphors are incorporated into colour television screens to emit the colours blue (silver-activated zinc sulphide), green (manganese-activated zinc orthosilicate), and red (europium-activated yttrium vanadate). 

Fingerprinting mineral deposit types using iron-oxide chemistry Application to till from Thompson, Manitoba, Canada... 

Iron Oxide Signature of Mineral DEPOSIT Types... 

Discussion and Conclusion The chemical composition of iron oxides is useful to discriminate a range of mineral deposit types. Discriminant diagrams can be used to identify potential for specific mineral deposit types to occur in an area that has been glacially eroded using till. In this study, a small subset of the ferromagnetic fraction (50 grains, 0.5-1.0 mm size fraction) of a till has been shown to adequately display the compositional... 

N02 has also been observed to be taken up on mineral oxides of types commonly found in particles in the atmosphere. For example, Miller and Grassian (1998) exposed powders of A1203 and TiOz to N02 in both the presence and the absence of water on the surface. At low N02 concentrations (e.g., 5 mTorr), only N02 which was chelated to the metal ion was observed using FTIR for both dry and hydrated oxides. While nitrate was observed at higher N02 concentrations, these are much larger than would be encountered in the atmosphere. Whether the chelated N02 on the surface can react at a significant rate with various atmospheric gases is not clear. 

The values of both di and i are affected by the type of surface and separation of the two quantities is not necessary if Ci is considered as one (adjustable) parameter that accounts for differences in the solution part of the double layer for different surfaces. For mineral oxide/aqueous electrolyte solution interfaces Ci has a high value (1 to 2 mF/m ) [17], i.e. assuming that di is of the order of a molecular diameter, i turns out to be of the same order of magnitude as of the bulk solution. The relatively large value of Ci as compared to that for the Agl or Hg aqueous solution interface is due to the presence of the surface hydroxyls [18]. In principle Ci is also a function of the charge density, but in practice Ci is often considered to be constant. 

Mineral systems Sultide minerals Transitional metal oxide minerals Oxide or salt-type minerals... 

The acid catalysed isomerization of a-pinene proceeds via two types of reactions, one giving bi- and tricyclic products such as camphene, p-pinene, tricyclene, and bornylene and the other giving rise to monocyclic compounds such as dipentene, terpinolene, a-terpinene, y-terpinene and p-cymene [1]. Over solid catalysts such as clays, mineral oxides and inorganic salts,the main product is camphene [2], of particular interest as an intermediate in the synthesis of camphor. Camphor is of value due to its aroma and pharmaceutical properties. 

For the use of the diffusion layer model are ne ed parameters of active centre concentration and acidity constants Kp and Kd on the mineral s surface and also equilibrium constants of all specific complexation reactions. This model was successfully used at analysis of adsorption of such ions as Na+, SO or Cl poorly adsorbed on the surface of iron oxide type minerals. 

Mineral spirits Type I. See Stoddard solvent Mineral wax. See Ceresin Ozokerite Mineral white. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Minium. See Lead oxide, red MIPA. See Isopropanolamine MIT MITC. See Methyl isothiocyanate Mixed cresols. See Cresylic acid... 

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