Mineral matter characteristics

Fate of Sulfur in Feedstock - Mineral Matter Characteristics... 

Three West Virginia coals were supplied by the West Virgmia Geological Survey (WVGS). The particular coals were chosen on the basis of rank, petrographic composition, and mineral matter content The coals were limited to the bituminous rank since these coals are the most amenable to the NMP solvent extraction process and are mdigenous to the Appalachian region. Some of the coal characteristics are listed in Table 2. 

F. Langenhorst and A. Deutseh, Mineralogy of Astroblemes—Terrestrial Impact craters. Chapter 1.10.5. Minerals in terrestrial impact structures and their characteristic features, in Advanced Mineralogy, Vol. 3 Mineral matter in space, mantle ocean floor, biosphere, environmental management, and jewelry, (ed. 

Raveendran, K., Ganesh, A., Khilar, K. C. (199S). Influence of mineral matter on biomass pyrolysis characteristics. Fueni, 1812-1822. 

A number of processes affect the solubility characteristic of metal-hu-mate and metal-fulvate complexes in soils, as well as in natural waters. A major factor is the extent to which the complex is saturated with metal ions. Other factors affecting solubility include pH, adsorption of the complex to mineral matter (e.g., clay), and biodegradation. Under proper pH conditions, trivalent cations, and to some extent divalent cations, are effective in precipitating humic substances from very dilute solutions monovalent cations are generally effective only at relatively high particle concentrations. 

Characterization of the mineral matter in coal is important for a number of reasons. Because of the way coal must be mined, the mine-run product always includes some rock material other than coal, thereby contributing mineral matter to the mine product. Miners of a thin seam usually have to remove some roof and floor strata. Irregular bodies of roof shale or other rocks frequently occur within coal seams and inevitably become part of the mine product. Some coal seams grade upwards to shale coal or coaly shales so that there is no clear-cut boundary between coal and the roof rocks. In addition, many coal seams contain one or more mineral partings of various thickness so that miners must include these in the mine product. It is best for mining and sales purposes if the amounts, types, and characteristics of these rock materials be known prior to mining in order to properly design the mine and preparation plant. 

The characteristics of flame heated silicate 3) suggest that the vitrified potassium alumino-silicate particles and the below 5 pm diameter kaolin particles are first to sinter after deposition. The flame vitrified particles have a high glass content and their small size enhances sintering, as evident from Equation (7). It is therefore to be expected that the inherent, small-particle mineral matter (Figure lb) will enhance sintering. 

Among the characteristics of the adsorbent are its pore texture, surface chemistry, and mineral matter content. The characteristics of the adsorptive are its molecular size, solubility, polarity, pIC, (for electrolytes), and nature of the substituents if it is aromatic. Finally, the solution chemistry factors are the pH and the ionic strength [5]. I shall focus in this section only on the role of the characteristics of the adsorbent, especially its carbon surface chemistry, on the adsorption processes, because although its importance has long been recognized [6, 7], the exact nature of this importance has often been controversial and misunderstood [1]. 

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