Milling by-products

CN007 Booth, A. N., E. M. Bickoff, and G. O. Kohler. Estrogen-like activity in vegetable oils and mill by-products. Science 1960 131 1807. 

Farrell, D.J. and Hutton, K. (1990) Rice and rice milling by-products. In Thacker, P.A. and Kirkwood, R.N. (eds) Nontrad-itional Feed Sources for Use in Swine Production. Butterworths, Massachusetts, pp. 339-354. 

An advantage of pelleting is that it may improve both intake and the efficiency of feed utilization, particularly with fibrous ingredients such as wheat milling by-products. A further advantage of pelleting is that it can help to reduce microbial counts in the feed. 

R.B. Steele, Agglomeration of Steel Mill By-products via Auger Extrusion , Proc, 23" Biennial Conf. IBA (see also [B.3]), Seattle, WA, USA (1993) 205-217. 

Fig. 8.32 Briquetting plant for and typical briquette from steel mill by-products (courtesy Heckett MultiServ, Butler, PA, USA)...

Fig. 8.31 Disc pelletizer for the recycling of waste dusts, slurries, and plant fines (courtesy Heckett MultiServ, Butler, PA, USA) Fig. 8.32 Briquetting plant for and typical briquette from steel mill by-products (courtesy Fleckett MultiServ, Butler, PA, USA) Fig. 8.33 Stacks of pellets (left) and briquettes (right) that are ready for recycling (courtesy Heckett MultiServ, Butler, PA, USA)...

Catalyst B was Fe203 from a steel mill by-product and was exposed at 400°C to flue gas ftom a sintering plant containing about 200 ppm SO2, 50 mg dust/Nm, and unspecified NOx. Its SCR activity declined relatively rapidly, by about 40% in the first 500 h. Its surface area decreased correspondingly and the accumulations of sulfur, presumably as sulfate, and potassium, particularly in the surface layers, were cited as remarkable. The increases in wt. % sulfur and potassium from fresh catalyst to used catalyst taken from the top of the bed were from 1.7% to 10.2 % for sulfur, and from a trace to 0.3 % for potassium. Deactivation here was attributed to potassium as well as to sulfur. 

Oats, wheat milling by-products, corn gluten feed and other maize starch by-products, maize feed flour, sorghum 0.31... 

Cereal grains, cereal by-products (wheat milling by-products and gluten feed), legume and oil seeds (pea, lupin, faba bean, full fat rapeseed and full fat sunflower seed), oil seed meals (groundnut, rapeseed, linseed, sunflower, copra, sesame and soybean), dehydrated sugar beet pulp, dehydrated potato, carob and molasses. 

Cotton Flock Short-cut cotton fiber of various lengths produced from textile mill by-products, thread waste or virgin staple cotton fiber. 

Dorado, M.P., Lin, S.K.C., Koutinas, A., Du, C., Wang, R., Webb, C., 2009. Cereal-based biorefinery development utilisation of wheat milling by-products for the production of sucdnic acid. Journal of Biotechnology 143, 51-59. 

Neves, M.A.D., Shimizu, N., Kimura, T., Shiiba, K., 2007. Kinetics of bioethanol production from wheat milling by-products. Journal of Food Process Engineering 30, 338—356. 

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