Migration from contact materials

Compliance testing of chemical migration from contact materials 85... 

Phthalates are plasticizers that can migrate from the materials in contact with the wine. Although they do not cause pronounced changes in flavor they can reduce the limpidity and freshness of wine. 

When purchased by the consumer take-away foods may also have come into contact with other food contact materials. Examples include the packaging in which the food is stored prior to cooking/heating, the metal and/or plastic food contact utensils and the cookware (e.g. metal pans which may have a non-stick coating applied) used in the cooking/heating of the foodstuff at the point of sale. Migration from these materials and articles is not described here. 

The pipe-rig test procedme, carried out in this research can provide the information necessary for the evaluation of potential migration from metallic materials when in contact with potable water. 

The compatibility of the plasticizer in the PLA matrix, the morphological stability of the plasticized material and the prevention of the plasticizer migration from the material bulk should be optimized as leaching out of additives from materials could impact the media in contact. This is of particular importance where food packaging applications are concerned, because food safety has to be ensured and contamination risks should be minimized. As with all substances intentionally added to the packaging polymer, the choice of plasticizer must comply with the European Commission regulation EU 10/2011 on plastic materials intended to come into... 

In a number of packaging types, only one side of a plastic film or laminate may contact the food. Specific single side migration cells have been developed (e.g., by PIRA) to enable the migration from a material under these conditions to be investigated. 

Migration and Extraction. When plasticized PVC comes into contact with other materials, plasticizer may migrate from the plasticized PVC into the other material. The rate of migration depends not only on the plasticizer employed but also on the nature of the contact material. 

Additional regulations that provide specific requirements for color additives in foods are found in other parts of the CFR. Labeling of food products is found at 21 CFR 101.22(k). Color additives are sometimes called artificial colors or artificial colorings [21 CFR 101.22(a) (4)]. From a regulatory standpoint, a colorant is a dye or pigment used in a food contact material such as a polymer that does not migrate to food. Such materials are regulated as food additives [21 CFR 178.3297(a)], not as color additives. ... 

The enforcement in Denmark of EU Directives on food packaging materials is discussed. Enforcement activities considered include studies of total migration from food contact materials, migration from kitchen-and tableware made of melamine plastics and migration of di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate from plasticised PVC films. Activities which need to be undertaken to increase the effectiveness of enforcement activities in the field of migration are described, including development of selfinspection programmes in industry, European network of enforcement, more rapid analysis and provision of information to the consumer. 2 refs. 

Migration and formation of nitrosamines from food contact materials. 

Lau, O.-W. and Wong, S.-K. (1997). Mathematical model for the migration of plasticisers from food contact materials into solid food. Anal. Chim. Acta, IM, 249-256. 

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