Midarm muscle circumference

Measurements of skinfold thickness estimate subcutaneous fat, midarm muscle circumference estimates skeletal muscle mass, and waist circumference estimates abdominal fat content. 

Anthropometries Weight (at least weekly daily in neonates and infants) Serial measurement of triceps skinfold and midarm muscle circumference can be useful in patients on long-term enteral nutrition... 

Metabolic acidosis, a common complication of ESKD, is associated with increased protein degradation and decreased synthesis of albumin. Correction of acidosis in ESKD patients may be associated with increases in serum albumin, body weight, and midarm muscle circumference, and fewer hospitabzations. Appropriate stabilization of serum bicarbonate concentrations (>22 mEq/L) via alteration of the dialysate bicarbonate concentration or administration of oral bicarbonate salts thus seems a prudent nutritional intervention in these patients (see Chap. 44 and 51). 

It is estimated that 30% of aU cirrhotic patients have protein-energy malnutrition, 40% have protein malnutrition, and 10% have energy mabiutrition. Additionally, among alcoholic cirrhotic patients, 73% of patients have midarm muscle circumferences below the fifth percentile, and 51% have tricep skinfold thickness below the 25th... 

Prealbumin and retinol-binding protein, traditionally sensitive markers of protein-energy malnutrition, may not be as reliable in patients with hepatic failure. Liver failure can cause decreased concentrations of both, independent of nutritional status. Indeed, many of the commonly used markers of nutritional status correlate poorly with body cell mass in those with end-stage liver disease. Midarm muscle circumference and handgrip strength have been found to be the best... 

Assessment Of Weight Status Body Weight For Height, Age, and Sex Skinfold Thicknesses Midarm Muscle Circumference Measures for Gaining Weight Summary... 

Midarm Muscle Circumference. Jh s calculated value gives an approximate estimate of the muscle mass, which is useful in determining whether an underweight person is lacking fat alone (measured by skinfold thickness) or is short on both fat and muscle. The value for the midarm muscle circumference (MAMC) is derived from measurements of the triceps skinfold (TSF) and the midarm circumference (MAC) by the following formula ... 

For example, a man who has a midarm circumference (measured by placing a tape measure around the upper arm where the triceps skinfold is measured) of 11 in. (279 mm), and a skinfold thickness of 1/2 in. (72.5 mm) would have a midarm muscle circumference of 9 9/1 5 in. (240 mm). These measurements would indicate that while he has just enough subcutaneous fat, he is lacking some muscle since the standard values for muscle circumferences are 10 in. (254 mm) for males and 9 in. (232 mm/for females. 

Anthropometric measurements are gross measurements of body cell mass used to evaluate LBM and fat stores. The most common measurements are weight, height, limb size (e.g., skinfold thickness and midarm muscle, wrist, and waist circumferences), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). 

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