Microwave curing

Hot air, steam, and hot water vulcanisation is widely used in the latex industry, and fluid-bed heat transfer and electronic microwave curing has also been used. Cross-linking by electron radiation has been experimentally used, but has not yet been developed commercially. [Pg.261]

Microwave curing of polymeric materials requires the presence of dipolar materials for effective modification to occur through dielectric heating [45]. This is not an essence in the case of EB modification of polymers which requires the presence of only labile reactive site, e.g., hydrogen in the polymeric stmcture. [Pg.857]

The microwave technique is widely applied to process polymer materials, e.g. in microwave cure [429], Microwave processing is a developing technology. [Pg.102]

Soesatyo B, Blicblau AS, Siores E. Effects of microwave curing carbon doped epoxy adhesive-polycarbonate joints, nternational Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives. 2000 20(6) 489-95. [Pg.251]

Galperin etal. (1995) has reviewed the work undertaken in the Byelorussian Institute of Technology, including work with PF, UF and melamine resins. Apart from resin curing using conventional heating, microwave curing was also studied. [Pg.152]

Marand, E., Baker, K.R. and Graybeal, J.D., Comparison of reaction-mechanisms ofepoxy-resins undergoing thermal and microwave cure from in situ measurements of microwave dielectric-properties and infrared-spectroscopy, Macromolecules, 1992, 25, 2243. [Pg.171]

Microwave curing has been found to increase the glass transition temperature of epoxies and in some instances improve the mechanical properties. It is also possible to control the morphology of toughened epoxies more closely with microwaves.35... [Pg.278]

Several studies have shown that a microwave cure cycle can be developed that provides equivalent performance properties to a thermal cure cycle. Table 14.9 shows the processing and performance characteristics of three commercial one-component epoxy adhesives cured via microwave and conventional thermal energy. Certain commercial epoxy adhesives could contain a large number of bubbles due to volatiles present during the cure cycle and the fast rate of cure. Therefore, specifically formulated adhesives for microwave curing may be necessary to optimize performance. [Pg.278]

There are several claims in the literature regarding the maximum speed of microwave curing of epoxy adhesives. Claims have been made of ten- to twenty fold cure time reduction when compared to conventional thermal heating. A more practical estimate, however, is that microwave joining using epoxy-based adhesive will significantly reduce the curing time... [Pg.278]

TABLE 14.9 Curing Parameters and Properties of Microwave Cured Epoxy Adhesives34... [Pg.279]

Adhesive Microwave ramp rate, °C/min Microwave time at cure temperature, min Microwave cure temperature, °C Modified tensile shear strength, MPa ... [Pg.279]

Boey, F. Y. C., et al., Microwave Curing of Epoxy Amine System—Effect of Curing Agent on Rate Enhancement, Polymer Testing, vol. 18, no. 2, 1999. [Pg.288]

Soesatyo, B., et al., Effect of Microwave Curing Carbon Doped Epoxy Adhesive-Polycarbonate Joints, International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, vol. 20, no. 6, 2000, pp. 489—495. [Pg.288]

Microwave Curing of Silicone Elastomers and Foams for Energy Savings... [Pg.45]

ClCH2CH2CH2MeSiO, and ethylene oxide respectively were used to demonstrate the concept of microwave curing (60. Results are summarized below ... [Pg.47]

Sohn, D. Johnson, D.L. Microwave curing effects on the 28-day strength of cementitious materials. Cement Concrete Res. 1999, 29, 241-247. [Pg.1697]

Figure 3.45. (a) Raman spectra from an epoxy resin (DER332/T403) before and after 2.4 minutes of microwave curing and (b) a loading plot of PCI versus Raman shift. From Stellman et al. (1995). Copyright 1995 by Society for Applied Spectroscopy reproduced with permission of Society for Applied Spectroscopy. [Pg.274]

Microwave processing has been used to process thermoset polymers and polymer composites, including polyesters, polyurethanes polyimides and epoxies, and in most studies it has been concluded that the curing speed is faster using microwave energy (Clark and Sutton, 1996). The effects of continuous and pulsed microwave irradiation on the polymerization rate and final properties also have been studied, and it was demonstrated that, for certain epoxies, a pulsed microwave cure resulted in improvements in mechanical properties, better temperature uniformity and a faster polymerization mte (Thuillier and Jullien, 1989). [Pg.414]

As previously mentioned many studies have been performed on microwave curing of thermosets, including polyesters, polyurethanes polyimides and epoxies. [Pg.414]

Hedreul et al. (1998) examined a model of the cure kinetics of a thermally and microwave-cured rubber-modified epoxy-resin formulation. The phenomenological cure kinetic model used was... [Pg.414]

Liu et al. (2004, 2005) examined a three-dimensional non-linear coupled auto-catalytic cure kinetic model and transient-heat-transfer model solved by finite-element methods to simulate the microwave cure process for underfill materials. Temperature and conversion inside the underfill during a microwave cure process were evaluated by solving the nonlinear anisotropic heat-conduction equation including internal heat generation produced by exothermic chemical reactions. [Pg.415]

A similar investigation by Zhou et al. [42] on the microwave-assisted curing of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) (Scheme 14.15) with maleic anhydride showed that in comparison with conventional thermal cure microwave cure... [Pg.664]

Microwave Curing Process of Polyethylene, Akzo Chemie, GmbH Diiren 1983... [Pg.195]

Curing by means of electrical processes (inductive curing, resistance, high-frequency and microwave curing)... [Pg.217]

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