Claim severity

Most of the 5-unsubstituted compounds are particularly reactive, and special care must be taken during their synthesis (386). Thus the synthesis of 2-phenyl-/i-2 thia2oline-4-one has been claimed several times, and... 

Coming from a collaboration between Pfizer and OSI Pharmaceutical, CP-609754 has recently entered phase II, but the structure of this molecule has not been disclosed [182]. Moreover, in recent patent applications [183] Pfizer claimed several compounds bearing a striking resemblance to Johnson Johnson s tipifarnib. One enantiomer (Fig. 4) was emphasized but no data were presented. 

Generic solid-phase synthesis of heterocycles was claimed A common precursor to all libraries was described and claimed Several relevant documents found by the International Search Report... 

We conclude therefore that the real catalyst in the above systems must have been a mixture of ethylaluminium dichloride and aluminium trichloride (formed as a result of further exchange of the former with the cocatalyst). However, in order to substantiate this claim, several other pieces of evidence must be critically discussed ... 

An ointment consisting of 6-chloro-9-cyclopentyl-8-azapurine in soft paraffin is used for treating psoriasis derivatives and analogs are also claimed. Several l,3-dimethyl-8-azapurine-2,6-diones bearing a further substituent... 

Stephens forcibly aligns the cause of the interracial with optimism regarding the passing away of white racism (an optimism not only of the will but also of the intellect) and seeks to establish pessimism or cynicism (terms deployed not to describe but to deride radical critique) on that score as the effective reincarnation of white supremacist thought. Again, Stephens s formulation is characteristic of the politics of multiracialism however, in order for him to make such a claim, several basic contentions must be held entirely beyond question. 

This model cannot be tested in its entirety too many model components remain either unmeasured or unmeasurable. For example, asymmetric information is not public information it is not measured. Profits and even costs are not imiformly reported for all companies, especially for small and medium-sized companies such as we have in our sample. However, there is one important category of cost—safety costs—which is measured in sufficient detail to use in testing our model. The test is simple do alternative HRM practices affect employees injury claims Do some HRM practices help reduce injury-claim fi equency Do other HRM practices help reduce injury-claim severity If they do reduce safety costs, is it because the HRM practices are improving technical efficiency or because HRM practices are reducing disability benefits consumption associated with as5mimetric information ... 

This factor is not statistically significant in Hunt and Habeck s (1993) multivariate regression, but the results are suggestive a 10 percent increase in this people-oriented culture variable is associated with a 4.2 percent reduction in lost workdays rate, as predicted by our model. This analysis focuses only on claim frequency, so the authors do not report any analysis of claim severity. Our results on claim frequency support the analyses of both Hunt and Habeck (1993) and Hunt et al. (1993), and suggest litde or no effect of involvement in decision making on claim duration. Their findings with respect to management culture variables (the focus of their study) will be discussed below. 

This study goes beyond much of the earlier research and— following the approach of Hunt and Habeck (1993) and Hunt et al. (1993)—seeks to estimate the role of HRM practices in the determination of workers compensation costs in a multivariate framework. It uses a workplace safety model that incorporates a wider variety of HRM practices than has been previously employed. In particular, it analyzes the impact of the three important dimensions of HRM practices on safety employee participation in decision making, employee participation in financial returns, and the firm s management safety culture. In addition, this is the first study to consider file effect of each of these factors on claim frequency and claim severity, and to ask whether any observed change is file result of changes in technical efficiency or moral hazard (principal-agent) incentives. 

EPDEG does appear to be associated with greater claim severity (the significant EPDEG coefficients in the center and right colunms). An increase in epdeg also is estimated to increase claim duration in the individual claimant analysis in Table 3.4, as we will show shortly. 

Fuel cell technology is one of the key issues for the development of hydrogen or methanol economies, as claim several authors [6, 7]. While fuel cell is a nineteenth century invention by William Grove (1839), its evolution toward a technology starts in the twentieth century. 

The generation of 2,3-didehydrothiophene (4) under thermolysis conditions has been attempted and claimed several times. Among the clearly unsuccessful attempts are the gas phase thermolyses of 2,3-diiodothiophene (360) and 2-nitrothiophene (361) which, in spite of the prominence of an ion corresponding to the aryne (4) in their mass spectra,apparently give no products indicating an aryne intermediate even in the presence of several potential diene traps such as benzene " and furan. As with the mercury compound 286 (Section III.3.A.a) the major decomposition pathway appears to involve homolysis of the bond to the 2-substituent. ... 

Only recently did chiral phosphoramidites ligands come into the focus of asymmetric hydroformylation. Here only some typical examples will be discussed for the main part of stereoselective hydroformylation compare Section 4.3. In some cases, they could be used to replace phosphites. Reetz claimed several monoden-tate and bidentate phosphoramidite ligands for this purpose, but unfortunately no example was given [21]. 

The first consists of the small shocks which the agitations of the ambient air and the vibrations propagated by the ground communicate to the films. These small shocks undoubtedly act by overcoming the inertia and the resistance of friction of the molecules they hasten thus the descent of these last, and, consequently, accelerate thinning moreover, they cause, as I have claimed several times, the rupture of the very attenuated portions. That is partly why films are maintained in general much longer in a closed vessel then, indeed, one of the causes of shocks, the movements of the air, is removed. 

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