Fusion microscopy

Knoll G and Plattner H 1989 Ultrastructural analysis of biological membrane fusion and a tentative correlation with biochemical and biophysical aspects Electron Microscopy of Subcellular Dynamics ed H Plattner (London CRC) pp 95-117... 

W. C. McCrone, Fusion Methods in Chemical Microscopy, Interscience Pubhshers, New York, 1957. 

The fl-galactosidase complementation assay has also been adapted for use in mammalian cells (Rossi et al., 1997). The availability of fluorescent substrates for (3-galactosidase allows for fluorescence microscopy and FACS analysis of mammalian cells expressing the fusion proteins of interest. Therefore, similar to the mDHFR system, fl-galactosidase complementation assays may prove useful for genome-scale studies of protein-protein interactions in mammalian cells. 

Vermeer, J. E., Van Munster, E. B., Vischer, N. O. and Gadella, T. W., Jr. (2004). Probing plasma membrane microdomains in cowpea protoplasts using lipidated GFP-fusion proteins and multimode FRET microscopy. J. Microsc. 214, 190-200. 

Alternatively, GFP can be visualized using rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against GFP purified directly from A. victoria. This anti-GFP antibody facilitates the detection of native GFP, recombinant GFP, and GFP-fusion proteins both by immunofluorescence and brightfield microscopy, as well as by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation. Direct anti-GFP conjugates made from a complete serum or from an IgG fraction are available from Invitrogen (http //www.invitrogen.com/ site/us/en/home.html). Additional options for your research offered by Invitrogen include two mouse monoclonal antibodies and a chicken IgY fraction. 

M. H. Tosten and M. J. Morgan, Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Helium-Bearing Fusion Welds , WSRC-TR-2005-00477, November, 2005. 

Analysis of SFV entry has thus shown that the virus binds to receptors on the cell surface and moves by lateral diffusion into coated pits to be internalized by coated vesicles. The endocytosed virus is delivered into endosomes. Here presumably, the viral envelope is activated by the low pH prevailing in this compartment to fuse with the vacuolar membrane. This results in the release of the viral nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm. During normal infection, the virus might not enter into lysosomes although SFV particles have been identified in this compartment using the large loads of virus needed to visualize the entry process by electron microscopy. Even if this were to happen normally, the viral nucleocapsid would escape destruction because of the rapidity of the fusion mechanism. 

Willingham, M. C. and Pastan, I. (1990) A reversible multi-well chamber for incubation of cnltnred cells with small volumes application to screening of hybridoma fusions nsing immnnoflnorescence microscopy. Biotechniques 8, 320-324. 

F.C. Clarke, M.J. Jamieson, D.A. Clark, S.V. Hammond, R.D. Jee and A.C. Moffat, Chemical image fusion the synergy of FT-NIR and Raman mapping microscopy to enable a more complete visualization of pharmaceutical formulations. Anal. Chem., 73(10), 2213-2220 (2001). 

Modification of Cells for Transport Experiments Experimental control of intracellular environment, 171, 817 implantation of isolated carriers and receptors into living cells by Sendai virus envelope-mediated fusion, 171, 829 resonance energy transfer microscopy visual colocalization of fluorescent lipid probes in liposomes, 171, 850. 

Mass spectrometers Molecular beam apparatus Ion sources Particle accelerators Electron microscopes Electron diffraction apparatus Vacuum spectographs Low-temperature research Production of thin films Surface physics Plasma research Nuclear fusion apparatus Space simulation Material research Preparations for electron microscopy... 

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