Microbiological effects microbes

The Marine Biotechnology Institute (MBI) was founded in 1987 for the study and applications of biodiversity in marine environments. Currently, and within the scope of the present book, the research area of relevance is industrial applications of microbiology . The institute also performs research in C02 fixation. The Applied Microbiology Laboratory is searching cost-effective utilization of microbes for environmental conservation and restoration. In particular, the decontamination of areas polluted with petroleum-related compounds has been addressed. Attention has been paid to removal of polycyclic hydrocarbons. They are also developing processing methods for the conversion of biomass and organic wastes by methane fermentation. 

Baath, E. (1989). Effects of heavy metals in soil on microbial processes and populations (a review). Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 47, 335—79-Babich, H. Stotzky, G. (1980). Environmental factors that influence the toxicity of heavy metal and gaseous pollutants to microorganisms. Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 8,99-145. Babich, H. Stotzky, G. (1985). Heavy metal toxicity to microbe-mediated ecologic... 

Although dinical microbiology laboratories report microbial susceptibility test results as sensitive or resistant to a particular antibiotic, this is not an absolute predictor of clinical response. In a given patient s infection, variables such as absorption of the drug, its penetration to the site of infection, and its activity once there (influenced, for example, by protein binding, pH, concentration of oxygen, metabolic state of the pathogen, intracellular location and concentration of microbes) profoundly alter the likelihood that effective therapy will result. 

Antimicrobials - help prevent microbiological attack which can cause infection and disease. Microbes can also be responsible for undesirable effects such as product degradation, discolouration and food contamination. 

The ideal approach to prevent or minimize microbiologically influenced corrosion depends on many factors. These encompass the environment, where MIC occurred (e.g., soil, cooling water, seawater), the type of material damaged, as well as the type of microorganism involved. In practice, several different approaches are usually combined to increase their efficiency. Below, some of the most effective approaches are described briefly. Again, it should be stressed how important a proper identification of MIC and involved microbes is for the choice of effective countermeasures. 

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