Microbes probing

Manganese ions enzyme activators, 6,578 probes, 6,563 RNA polymerases activation, 6, 585 transport microbes, 6, 569 plants, 6, 572 Manganese oxide colloidal... 

PNA oligomers have also found widespread application as probes for in situ hybridization (FISH) both in human diagnostics [119-122] and in environmental detection of microbes [123, 124]. 

Sample tests in the field. These include coupons, stressed samples, electrical-resistance probes exposed to the plant corroding medium, or samples exposed to the atmosphere, to soils, or to fresh, brackish, or saline waters. Samples for viable microbes involved in MIC must be processed immediately in the field into appropriate growth media. 

But how do microorganisms behave in outer space Answers to this question require experiments to be carried out in space, as (however well they may try to simulate conditions in outer space) laboratory experiments are often considered to be artificial and unrealistic . Thus, microbes have been put on board a number of space vehicles and subjected to outer space conditions to probe the effect of various variables on the survival probability of Bacillus subtilis spores. 

J. Sefconicova, J. Kahlik, V. Stefuca, et al, A filtration probe-free on-line monitoring of glycerol during fermentation by a biosensor device. Enzyme Microb. Technol, 42, 434 39 (2009). 

De Macario, E. C. Macario, A. J. L. Rivard, C. J. Grohmann, K. Use of Antibody Probes to Monitor Hydrolytic Microbes in Municipal Solid Waste Anaerobic Digesters SERI-SP-231-3520 Solar Energy Research Institute Golden, CO, 1989 pp 47-58. 

The use of molecular probes to track specific microbes in the environment, specifically those not easily cultured, has been recently reviewed (95, 97, 98), The sensitivity of these probes may be further enhanced by using amplification strategies (e.g., polymerase chain reaction or PCR), to amplify segments of DNA from samples obtained from production systems (95, 99), However, gene probes for geosmin or MIB synthesis are not currently available. 

The fact that Mn2+ may also be used105 as a probe for Ca2+ serves to emphasize those problems, as Ca2+ and Mg2+ tend to be mutually inhibitory. It appears that Mn2+ resembles Ca2+ in terms of movement in and out of certain cells. However, Mn2+ is taken up by some microbes through low affinity magnesium transport systems. These organisms usually have specific high affinity transport systems for Mn2+ as well.106... 

Rees DG, Hailing PJ (2001) Chemical modification probes accessibility to organic phase proteins on surfaces are more exposed than in lyophilized powders. Enzyme Microb Technol 28 282-292... 

Ward, B. B. (1996). Nitrification and denitrification probing the nitrogen cycle in aquatic environments. Microb. Ecol. 32, 247—261. 

If a species-specific antisense oligo probe can be made resistant to enzymic degradation, and if it can readily enter a microbe, the probe not only identifies the organism, but also may shut down the metabolic potential of the cell. " Antisense PNA oligos appear to meet these requirements and bind to sense with a lower dissociation constant (/fj) than does the phosphate-backbone antisense. PNA antisenses have the potential for use as very specific, low-toxicity microbicides for in vivo applications. The peptide analogs of DNA probes are protected by appropriate patents. The text of choice is from the same authors and others. " ... 

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