Gene probes

In general, the porphyrias described are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, with the exception of congenital erythropoietic porphyria, which is inherited in a recessive mode. The precise abnormalities in the genes directing synthesis of the enzymes involved in heme biosynthesis have been determined in some instances. Thus, the use of appropriate gene probes has made possible the prenatal diagnosis of some of the porphyrias. 

Holben WE, BM Schroeter, VGM Calabrese, RH Olsen, JK Kukor, VO Biederbeck, AE Smith, JM Tiedje (1992) Gene probe analysis of soil microbial populations selected by amendment with 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid. Appl Environ Microbiol 58 3941-3948. 

Shen Y, LG Stehmeier, G Voordouw (1998) Identification of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in soil by reverse sample gene probing. Appl Environ Microbiol 64 637-645. 

Bej, A. K. Mahbubani, M. H. DiCesare, J. L. Atlas, R. M. Polymerase chain reaction-gene probe detection of microorganisms by using filter-concentrated samples. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1991,57, 3529-3534. 

Figure 4. Simultaneous detection of HIV and Hepcidin (HEPC) SERS gene probe hybridizations.

Vo-Dinh T., Houck K., Stokes D.L., Surface-enhanced Raman gene probes, Anal. Chem. 1994 66 3379-3383. 

Unlike other methods currently employed for quantitative transcript measurements, including cDNA microarrays and real-time RT-PCR, competitive RT-PCR is amenable to quality control, which is critical for clinical diagnostic and pharmaceutical industry applications. Furthermore, microarray approaches are limited to generating snap-shot like profiles, but they do not control for differences in hybridization efficiencies of different gene probes with their corresponding cDNAs. That is, cross comparisons are relative and not absolute. Real-time PCR has gained acceptance recently largely due to the reduced cost associated... 

Mutation detection — Genetic mutations leading to disease states such as familial breast cancer can be detected by arrays, provided that sufficient gene probe sequence content is available in order to make a statistically significant prognosis. 

Another important point was made by this study if possible, use reference samples with gene expression levels similar to those expected for the test samples. This should improve quantification at the low end. Moreover, the Tan et al., (2003) and Barczak (2003) studies also demonstrate the need for the standardization of commercial microarray products and reference standards so that both interlaboratory and cross-platform performances can be properly assessed. While commercial microarrays from different vendors all claim substantial gene probe "real estate," the number of probes in common is smaller. This makes it difficult to compare experiments across platforms, especially those from major suppliers such as Affymetrix, Agilent, and Amersham (Figure 2.8). 

A.V. Ogram and G.S. Sayler. 1988. The use of gene probes in the rapid analysis of natural microbial conununities. X Indust Microbiol. 3 281-292. 

Paterson, R. R. M., Archer, S., Kozakiewicz, Z., Lea, A., Locke, T., and O Grady, E. (2000). A gene probe for the patulin metabolic pathway with potential for use in patulin and novel disease control. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 10, 509-512. 

The use of molecular probes to track specific microbes in the environment, specifically those not easily cultured, has been recently reviewed (95, 97, 98), The sensitivity of these probes may be further enhanced by using amplification strategies (e.g., polymerase chain reaction or PCR), to amplify segments of DNA from samples obtained from production systems (95, 99), However, gene probes for geosmin or MIB synthesis are not currently available. 

Detection of Specific Sequences by Gene Probe Hybridization... 

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