Methyl atropine

There are 2 methods of synthesis of methyl atropine nitrate ... 

To a solution of 70.4 g methyl atropine sulfate (prepared from methyl atropine chloride and silver nitrate) in water was added aqueous solution of 26.1 g barium nitrate. Barium sulfate was deleted by filtration. Filtrate was concentrated and the methyl atropine nitrate was obtained. 

Lonnerholm, G., Widerlov, E. (1975). Effect of intravenous atropine and methyl atropine on heart rate and secretion of saliva in man. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 8 233 0. 

SYNS ATROPINE METHONITRATE ATROPINE METHYL NITRATE EKOMINE EUMIDRINA EUMYDRIN EUROPEN HARVATRATE 3-0-HYDROXY-8-METHYL-l-a-H,5-a-H-TROPANIUM NITRATE ( )-TROPATE (ESTER) dl-HYOSCYAMINE METHAXNITRATE dl-HYOSYAMINE METHYL-NITRATE METANITE METHYL ATROPINE NITRATE N-METHYLATROPINE NITRATE N-METHYLATROPINTUM NITRATE METROPINE PYLOSTROPIN... 

METHYL ATROPINE NITRATE see MGR500 N-METHYLATROPINE NITRATE see MGR500 8-METHYLATROPINIUM NITRATE see MGR500 N-METHYLATROPINIUM NITRATE see MGR500... 

Methyl atropine nitrate (10)(or bromide) is a synthetic quaternary derivative of atropine. Atropine oxide (atropineN-oxide)is known as a genatropine (1 l)and may be prepared by oxidation of the alkaloid with hydrogen peroxide. 

Szerb There should be a peripheral component in the reduction of heat production by the liver, probably mediated by the parasympathetic system. This should be blocked by the methyl atropine. 

Meeter I agree that there must be a peripheral component. I mentioned that atropine sulphate is unable to prevent the anticholinesterase hypothermia completely in fact it reduces the lowering of the body temperature only by about 50%. In a recent experiment we administered soman intraventricular-ly in order to obtain a purely central hypothermia. It appeared that this hypothermia could be prevented completely by intraventricular as well as by intraperitoneal atropine sulphate. How methyl atropine interacts with the peripheral component is still unknown I intend to study that in the future. 

The conversion of a-methyltropidine into tropidine methiodide was subsequently achieved in another way. By saturating a solution of the base in hydrochloric acid with hydrogen chloride, the elements of the latter were added on in the J -position and the product on treatment with sodium carbonate solution yielded methyl-atropine. The latter was next brominated in positions 4 and 5. The dibromide, thus formed. 

L-Asparaginyl-L-arginyl-L-valyl-L-tyrosyl-L-valyl-L-histidyl-L-prolyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester trihydrochloride Angiotensin amide Atropic acid ethyl ester Tilidine HCI Atropine... 

FIGURE 4.12 Effect of alcuronium on the binding of [3H] methyl-QNB (filled circles) and [3H] atropine (open circles) on muscarinic receptors. Ordinates are percentage of initial radioligand binding. Alcuronium decreases the binding of [3H] methyl-QNB and increases the binding of [3H] atropine. Data redrawn from [7]. 

C3SH52N2O10S 18409-40-0) see Atropine methonitrate e/ido-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-amine (C9H1JN2 76272-56-5) see Granisetron methyl azidoacetate... 

CH3CI 74-87-3) see Atropine methonitrate Clobazam Dimethyltubocurarinium chloride Methylmethionine sulfonium chloride Naproxen Suxamethonium chloride methyl chloroacetate... 

There is also evidence for cholinergic involvement in caffeine analgesia (Ghelardini et al. 1997). The muscarinic antagonists atropine and pirenzepine, and the choline uptake inhibitor hemicholinium-3 prevent caffeine analgesia. In contrast, it was unaffected by an opioid antagonist (naloxone) or a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor (o-methyl-p-tyrosine). 

Forensic analysis of street drugs include that of cocaine together with excipients frequently encountered (579), amphetamines 080), and dyes found in heroin samples 081). An on-line photochemical derivitization of cannabinoids has been described 082). Other pharmaceutical agents studied in formation include nortriptyline in tablets. 083), glycyrrhizic acid from licorice extract 084, 585), pirimiphos methyl 086), digitalis glycosides 0S7), pilocarpine 088), and its antagonist atropine 009). 

Muscarinic Receptor Interactions. Excitatory muscarinic effects, such as temporary stimulation of salivation and stimulation of intestinal peristalsis, were seen with 2-PAM. Atropine-like actions were seen at high concentrations (15-20 mg/kg or more), and, when injected rapidly, 2-PAM caused temporary diplopia (nicotinic block) and loss of accommodation in the eye.Both TMB-4 and 2-PAM blocked bradycardia induced by vagal stimulation. At low concentrations, neither compound affected normal intestinal peristalsis, but they did block peristalsis caused by increased vagal stimulation. TMB-4, 2-PAM, and toxogonin antagonized the effect of acetylcholine, acetyl- -methyl-choline, and other agonists on Isolated guinea pig ileum.62... 

These are the group of alkaloids that possess a 8-methyl-8-aza-hicyclo [l,2,3]octane or tropane skeleton, e.g. atropine, cocaine and scopolamine. Tropane alkaloids occur mainly in plants from the families Solanaceae and Erythroxylaceae. 8-Aza-hicyclo[l,2,3]octane, i.e. tropane without the 8-methyl group, is known as nortropane. 

Harris LW, JH Fleisher, Innerebner, et al. 1969. The effects of atropine-oxime therapy on cholinesterase activity and the survival of animals poisoned with diethyl-0-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 15 216-226. 

Acetylcholine, carbachol, and atropine. Naturally occurring acetylcholine and its synthetic agonists (e.g., carbachol) and antagonists (e.g., atropine) all share a methylated nitrogen atom which occupies receptor sites so as to mimic (carbachol) or block (atropine) the action of acetylcholine. 

During the late 1930s some 4-phenylpiperidine derivatives were examined as potential spasmolytics on the basis of their chemical relationship to atropine. The antinociceptive properties of one member, ethyl 1-methyl-4-phenyl-piperidine-4-carboxylate, was detected in screening tests and the compound was subsequently introduced into clinical use by Eisleb and Schaumann in 1939. The compound, well known as pethidine in Europe and meperidine in North America (proprietary names include Demerol, Dolantin, and Dolosal), was soon in widespread use for the relief of pain, and it is remarkable how pethidine, the original non-opioid-derived opioid analgesic, has retained its popularity for many years in the face of competition from other synthetic analgesics introduced since 1939. 

Meperidine (isonipecaine, Demerol , and Dolantin ) is the methyl ester of methyl-4-phenylpi-peridine-4 carboxylic acid. It is used in the form of its soluble hydrochloride. The piperidine nucleus is also present in many alkaloids, such as atropine or lobeline, which are not analgesics, as well as in morphine. 

The magnetic non-equivalence of the 13C nuclei of the tropane ring in protonated scopolamine [260] and in protonated atropine [261] indicates the tropic acid group to be near C(6) and C(7) in [260] but to be in a position affecting all the carbon nuclei on one side of the tropane ring in [261], (170) The absorption of the equatorial and axial A-methyl 13C nuclei in [261] and [260] respectively may be compared to the corresponding absorptions in methylatropine [262],... 

The quantitative racemization of hyoscyamine to atropine was achieved16 by refluxing the methanolic or butanolic solution (catalysed by a base) or, even better, by refluxing in diethylamine. The partial racemization, i.e. epimerization at C-2, of (—)-cocaine to (+)-pseudococaine was effected by strong bases in methanol followed by re-benzoylation of C-3 in pseudoecgonine methyl ester. This interconversion17 allows the detection of small amounts of cocaine in forensic medicine. 

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