Metalorganic

LPE = liquid-phase epitaxy, MOCVD = metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, VPE = vapor-phase epitaxy. 

Epitaxial crystal growth methods such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) have advanced to the point that active regions of essentially arbitrary thicknesses can be prepared (see Thin films, film deposition techniques). Most semiconductors used for lasers are cubic crystals where the lattice constant, the dimension of the cube, is equal to two atomic plane distances. When the thickness of this layer is reduced to dimensions on the order of 0.01 )J.m, between 20 and 30 atomic plane distances, quantum mechanics is needed for an accurate description of the confined carrier energies (11). Such layers are called quantum wells and the lasers containing such layers in their active regions are known as quantum well lasers (12). 

Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy 1992," ia the Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Metalorganic Papor Phase Epitayy, Cambridge, Mass., June 1992 8—11, G. B. StriugfeUow and. J. Coleman, eds.,/ CystalGrowth, 124(1—4) (Nov. 1992). 

PURIFICATION OF INORGANIC AND METALORGANIC CHEMICALS (Including Organic compounds of B, Bi, P, Se, Si, and ammonium and metal salts of organic acids).389... 

Seidell, A., 1958. Solubilities of inorganic and metalorganic compounds. Ed. W.F. Linke, 4th edition, 1. Washington American Chemical Society. 

The a-selectivity is illustrated by the fact that 2-alkyl-, > 2-methoxy-, > and 2-alkyIthio-thiophenes and alkyl thenyl sul-fides ° are metalated exclusively in the 5-position. In electrophilic aromatic substitution, as previously mentioned, an appreciable amount of 3-substitution is obtained with some of these groups. After acetalization ketones can also be metalated. Thus from the diethyl ketal of 2-acetylthiophene, 2-acetyl-5-thiophenealdehyde was obtained after metalation with n-butyllithium followed by the reaction of the metalorganic compound with A,A -dimethylformamide. ... 

The cyclization of ro-[2-(4-bromo-2-butenyloxy)phenyl]alkanals18, which are prone to 1.4-elimination at the stage of the metalorganic intermediate, constitutes a severe test to the viability of this method. Nevertheless, the benzodihydrooxepin derivatives are formed with good yield and high trans(anti) selectivity18,... 

Emanuel, M.,Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition for the Heterostructure Hot Electron Diode, Noyes Data Corp., Park Ridge, NJ (1989)... 

Gartner, G., Jamiel, P., and Lydtin, H., Plasma-Activated Metalorganic CVD of Illb Oxides/Tungsten Layer Structures, Proc. of 11th Int. Conf on CVD, (K. Spear and G. Cullen, eds.), pp. 589-595, Electrochem. Soc., Pennington, NJ 08534 (1990)... 

Plattner DA (2003) Metalorganic Chemistry in the Gas Phase Insight into Catalysis. 225 149-199... 

Structural and optical properties of luGaN/GaN triangularshaped quantum wells grown by metalorganic chemical vapor depostion... 

Andrianov, K. A. Metalorganic Polymers, Interscience Ptblishers, New York 1965. 

Besides this unique above-described process, there a numerous examples of inter- and intramolecular domino Michael/aldol processes in which the sequence is initiated by the addition of a metalorganic compound to an enone moiety. The Kamimura group [30] synthesized several five- to seven-membered thio- and hy-... 

As a final example in this section, the mechanistically interesting transformation of a, 3-unsaturated aldehydes containing a chloro or bromo atom in the 3-position into five-membered lactams or lactones is mentioned. In this transformation, which was developed by Riick-Braun and coworkers, an intermediate iron compound is formed by reaction with [C5H5(CO)2Fe]Na, which yields the products either by adding a primary amine and TiCl4 or a metalorganic alkane as RMgX or RLi [483],... 

Table 6 Metalorganic A1 precursors for MOYPE mostly used for AlxGa xAs studies.

Watanabe, N. Nakanisi, T. Dapkus, P. D., Eds. Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference (MOVPE-4), Hakone, 1988. 

The potential of group 15 trialkyls ER3 to form Lewis acid-base adducts with group 13 compounds has been demonstrated as shown previously. In contrast, that of low-valent organopenteles such as dipenteles RjE-ERj and cyclopenteles [ER ]X (E = P, As, Sb, Bi) has been studied to a far lesser extent.59 Tetraalkyldipenteles E2R4 belong to the oldest metalorganic main... 

C) under mass transport controlled conditions, only depends on the concentration of the group 13 metalorganic precursor. 

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