Techniques based on the use of metalorganic compounds

The synthesis of alkyl(aryl)chlorosilanes, based on the use of metalorganic compounds, can be carried out with the help of organomercury, organoz-inc, organosodium, organolithium, organoaluminum and organomagne-sium compounds. 

In 1863 Friedel and Crafts were the first to use metalorganic compounds to synthesise silicone monomers. Industiy focused on organomagnesium synthesis (the Grignard technique), in which alkyl- or arylhalogenide interacts with metallic magnesium to form organomagnesium compounds  

After that, the organomagnesium compound reacts with silicon tetrachloride, forming corresponding alkyl(aiyl)chlorosilanes  

The process of organomagnesium synthesis yields a mixture of al-kyl(aryl)chlorosilanes with various numbers of radicals attached to the silicon atom. However, by regulating the ratio of the parent components and changing the conditions of the process, one can shift the reaction towards the preferential formation of a certain monomer. 

This process is also possible in a hydrocarbon medium with tetraethox-ysilane or diethyl ether (1%) as a catalyst, both in two and one stages, by the interaction of the mixture of silicon tetrachloride and alkyl- or aiylha-logenide with metallic magnesium in a solvent medium (toluene or xylene). 

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