Metallic membranes automotive industry

A glance through the table of contents provides an overview of the issues commonly encountered by chemists in the automotive industry. The author discusses fuels cells, lithium ion batteries, carbon nanotubes, and nickel metal hydride technology, all of which requires the technical knowledge of a chemist but crosses the lines of various disciplines. He covers future technology including items such as battery technology, fuel cell membranes, and environmentally friendly plastics such as nylons that use castor oil as a primary component. 

UF is used to treat wastewater to meet the municipal effluent discharge standards and to recover valuable component for recycle as in the case of oily wastewater. The sources of oily wastewater include metal works, textile industries, automotive, aeronautical and animal/vegetable fats industries and industrial laundromats. Hydrophilic UF membranes (e.g., polyacrylonitrile and PES) are used for recovering oil from oily waste waters instead of hydrophobic membranes (e.g., PVDF) that get fouled with oil resulting in loss of flux. The oil droplets are completely retained by the UF membrane, although the membrane is... 

Major areas of application are in the field of aqueous electrochemistry. The most important application for perfluorinated ionomers is as a membrane separator in chloralkali cells.86 They are also used in reclamation of heavy metals from plant effluents and in regeneration of the streams in the plating and metals industry.85 The resins containing sulfonic acid groups have been used as powerful acid catalysts.87 Perfluorinated ionomers are widely used in worldwide development efforts in the held of fuel cells mainly for automotive applications as PEFC (polymer electrolyte fuel cells).88-93 The subject of fluorinated ionomers is discussed in much more detail in Reference 85. 

Corrosion is an electrochemical process leading to a decrease in thickness and strength of materials. Steel is the most widely used metal in industry and has weak resistance to corrosion. Corrosion resistance can be increased with addition of chrome and nickel. Adding of metals causes an increase in the production cost of steel. To develop the corrosion resistance, polyelectrolyte multilayers can be used to coat stainless steel with low cost [14]. The main aim to coat a metal is to protect it from corrosion. The layer-by-layer self-assembly method is used to prepare polyelectrolyte multilayers. Corrosion of metals can be reduced with inhibitors. Severe corrosion protective coatings are used in many apphcation areas such as automotive, steel, pipe, petroleum and hning industry. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) are an alternative method to protect the materials from corrosion. PEMs can be produced with anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes. In addition, PEMs has wide application areas such as membrane separation, microfluidies, biocatalytic and analytical separations. Cationic polyaUylamine hydrochloride (PAH), anionic polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), polystyrene suUbnate-co-maleic acid (PSS-co-MA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were used to investigate the corrosion protection efficiency of polyelectrolyte. Corrosion rate, corrosion potential and linear polarization resistance were examined as corrosion process parameters. In addition, polydiaUyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) was used with sulfonated polyetherether ketone (SPEEK) for steel corrosion applications [14]. 

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