Matching, phenotypic

HIV virtual phenotype A database of matching human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genotypes and phenotypes is developed. When an HIV genotype for a patient is obtained, the database is used to predict the patient s phenotype based on their actual genotype using matches that occur in the database. 

IgG developed by Hema-Quebec (Quebec, Canada) for phenotyping and cross matching red blood cells from donors and recipients in blood banks [4]. 

Mateo, J. M. and Johnston, R. E. (2000) Kin recognition and the armpit effect evidence of self-referent phenotype matching. Proc. Biol. Sci. 267, 695-700. 

Coho salmon Oncorhynchus Phenotype matching Quinn and Busack, 1985... 

Beldings ground squirrel Phenotype matching Holmes, 1986... 

Beaver Castor canadensis Differential response to scent marks of relatives and strangers, phenotype matching Sun and Miiller-Schwarze, 1997... 

Phenotype matching to recognize an individual as kin, it is not necessary to have met it before. Instead, it can he recognized by cues shared with oneself or a known related individual (also known as the armpit effect ). 

Juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar) and juvenile rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss) that live in kin groups fight less, thus saving energy and reducing the risk of injury (Brown and Brown, 1993). Rainbow trout discriminate unfamiliar kin from non-kin, but not familiar from unfamiliar kin (Brown et ah, 1993). This appears to be an example of phenotype matching kin have matching odors, while kin and non-kin have not. 

Brown, G. E., Brown, J., and Crosbie, A. (1993). Phenotype matching in juvenile rainbow trout. AnimalBehaviour46,1223-1225. 

Kin recognition by phenotype matching in female Belding s ground squirrels. 

Sun, L. and Miiller-Schwarze, D. (1997). Sibling recognition in the beaver a field test for phenotype matching. Animal Behaviour 54,492-502. 

Ancient bones are somewhat like wind vanes that show from which direction a particular hypothesis breezes across the fossil field. If a paradigm is useful one should be able to predict what will be found at the end of the projected course. This means that one can put a general evolutionary hypothesis like a grid over the pattern of evidence and see how fossils and expectations match. In the standard model predictions are not possible because the phenotype lattice radiates from one spot (the common ancestor) with every beam studded with chance-initiated branch points that give rise to unpredictable patterns.1 By rules of the Genomic Potential Hypothesis the future position of a species in the hierarchy of taxa is, in principle, predictable. The discussion of our own past will reflect this fundamental change in philosophy. 

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