Mass spectrometry high resolution technique

The oxygen transfer from an ortho nitro group to a carbon-carbon triple bond has been studied by high-resolution mass spectrometry, linked scan techniques and chemical substitution81. Oxygen transfers to both acetylenic carbons were detected as parallel fragmentation pathways81. 

There is considerable current interest in development of state-of-the-art methodology for characterization of PAHs in various matrices (.l). Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are two techniques widely used for PAH analysis because the necessary equipment is available in most laboratories. The development of high resolution glass capillary columns has significantly advanced the compound-characterizing capability of these techniques. 

Capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) is a high-resolution technique for protein and peptide separation performed at academic sites and in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries for the analysis and characterization of, for example, recombinant antibodies and other recombinant proteins, isoforms of glycoproteins, point mutations in hemoglobin, and peptide mapping. Also, hyphenation to mass spectrometry and chip-based CIEF (microfabrication) have shown promise. CIEF kits and specific recipes/application notes are available from vendors of capillary electrophoresis (CE) equipment, as are a vast amount of publications and handbooks of CE published over recent years. 

Richling E., Kleinschnitz, M. and Schreier P. Analysis of heterocyclic aromatic amines by high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry a suitable technique for the routine control of food and process flavors. European Food Research and Technology. 210,68.1999. 

HR-ICP-MS high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(Hy-phenated technique on-line coupled technique (e.g. direct coupling of chromatography and ICP-MS)... 

Hrbek V Vaclavik L, Elich O, et al. Authentication of milk and milk-based foods by direct analysis in real time ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (DART-HRMS) technique a critical assessment. Food Control. 2014 36 138 5. 

That illustrates one important principle sharp lines good, broad lines bad. High-resolution techniques such as NMR spectroscopy, rotational spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and powder diffraction make observation of multiple components relatively easy with broad lines, as in many electronic spectra, gas diffraction, and to some extent vibrational spectroscopy, it is much trickier. 

Biopolymer Characterization Electrospray loniz ation Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) has become a popular method in biophysical and biochemical communities as new high-resolution techniques have been developed to detect a wide range of physiologically relevant noncovalent protein complexes [50, 51]. Thus, Painter et al. [50] used Nano-ESI-MS approach for monitoring reactions of protein complexes in real time, allowing simultaneous determination of both structural and dynamical properties of the proteins studied. 

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is a technique used frequently to analyze naphtha and distillate cuts of petroleum. Even with high-resolution GC columns, it is usually impossible to completely separate components in such samples. In some cases, coeluting components can be identified and quantified by... 

Two groups have reported on the advantages of high resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry for characterizing libraries [42, 43]. This technique can determine the accurate mass of a compound and thus distinguish between isobars which have the same nominal mass. However, high resolution MS does not solve the portion of the mass redundancy in libraries which is due to true structural isomers. 

Mass spectrometry is a technique for determination of the molecular weight of compounds. High-resolution instruments can measure this to three orfour decimal places, and such results can be correlated with known data to give a molecular formula. Molecules in the gas phase are ionized and then passed through a magnetic field to separate species with different masses. 

---